Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2021 Mar 1;21(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s12886-021-01859-w.
To assess the associations of axial length with age-related cataract within a span of 10 years in an Asian population in southern Taiwan.
A retrospective cohort study examined 960 adults who underwent cataract surgery at the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in year 2008 and year 2018. Axial length was assessed with the ultrasound biometry and/or the Zeiss IOLMaster. Eyes with prior blunt eye trauma or had underwent vitrectomy operations were excluded. The significance of the changes in axial length between the two cohorts was determined after performing age-matched analyses. Due to utilization of ultrasound biometry and/or Zeiss IOLMaster, axial length corrections with our mean difference in measurement results, which were similar to previous studies on comparison between the two measurement tools, were carried out.
Axial length showed an age-related elongation in 10-year cross-sectional data, from a mean of 23.65 ± 1.80 mm in year 2008 to a mean of 24.30 ± 1.90 in year 2018 (p = 0.003). Patients with high myopia (axial length > 26 mm) increased significantly over the 10-year period from 8.1 to 16 % (p < 0.001). A birth cohort effect on axial length was evident as the axial lengths of year 2008 cohort were shorter than the 2018 cohort when they were in the same operation age group. In particular, persons born after the 1960s demonstrated a predominant increase in axial length in both cohorts.
Our study confirms a trend in increase of axial myopia, especially high myopias, over the 10-year period. A novel finding of this study was discovering a birth cohort effect on axial length, especially in persons born after the 1960s in southern Taiwan.
在台湾南部的一个亚洲人群中，评估 10 年内眼轴长度与年龄相关性白内障的相关性。
回顾性队列研究纳入了 2008 年和 2018 年在高雄长庚纪念医院接受白内障手术的 960 名成年人。使用超声生物测量仪和/或蔡司 IOLMaster 评估眼轴长度。排除既往钝挫伤眼或玻璃体切除术的眼。对两组进行年龄匹配分析后，确定眼轴长度在两组之间的变化是否具有统计学意义。由于使用了超声生物测量仪和/或蔡司 IOLMaster，我们对测量结果进行了平均差异校正，与之前关于两种测量工具比较的研究相似。
10 年横断面数据显示眼轴长度呈年龄相关性延长，从 2008 年的平均 23.65±1.80mm 增加到 2018 年的平均 24.30±1.90mm（p=0.003）。高度近视（眼轴长度>26mm）患者在 10 年内显著增加，从 8.1%增加到 16%（p<0.001）。眼轴长度存在出生队列效应，即 2008 年队列的眼轴长度短于同年龄组的 2018 年队列。特别是，60 年代以后出生的人在两个队列中眼轴长度都有明显增加。
本研究证实了在 10 年内眼轴近视，尤其是高度近视增加的趋势。本研究的一个新发现是发现了眼轴长度的出生队列效应，特别是在台湾南部 60 年代以后出生的人群中。
