Hampton Robert R
Department of Psychology, Emory University.
Anim Behav Cogn. 2019 Nov;6(4):230-235. doi: 10.26451/abc.06.04.02.2019.
Monkeys demonstrate metacognition by avoiding memory tests when they forget, seeking information when ignorant, and gambling sensibly after making judgments. Some of this metacognition appears to be based on introspection of private mental states. It is likely that nonhuman cognitive systems, like human systems, differ in accessibility to such introspective metacognition, and the extent to which differences in access map to explicit and implicit cognition will be an important topic for future work. It will be exciting to learn more about the distribution of metacognition among species, and the conditions under which metacognition evolves.
猴子通过在忘记时避免记忆测试、无知时寻求信息以及做出判断后明智地赌博来表现出元认知。这种元认知中的一些似乎基于对私人心理状态的内省。非人类认知系统很可能像人类认知系统一样，在这种内省性元认知的可及性方面存在差异，而可及性差异与显性和隐性认知的映射程度将是未来研究的一个重要课题。了解更多关于元认知在物种间的分布以及元认知进化的条件将会很令人兴奋。
