Lucero Cinthia Tamara, Lorda Graciela Susana, Anzuay María Soledad, Ludueña Liliana Mercedes, Taurian Tania
Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Ruta Nacional 35 km 330, CP 6300, Santa Rosa, Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Curr Microbiol. 2021 May;78(5):1961-1972. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02469-x. Epub 2021 Apr 11.
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting factor of plant development due to its low availability in the soil. The use of endophytic phosphate solubilizing bacteria as a more sustainable alternative to the use of chemical phosphorus fertilizers is proposed in this study. The objectives were to analyze the effect of simple inoculations of native peanut endophytic phosphate solubilizing bacteria on plant growth promotion and P content of soybean and maize and to evaluate their survival and endophytic colonization capacity on these plants. In addition, bacterial plant cell wall degrading enzymes activities in presence or absence of root exudates was determined. Soybean, maize and peanut plants were grown on a microcosm scale and inoculated with Enterobacter sp. J49 or Serratia sp. S119. It was observed that phosphate solubilizing strains promoted the growth of maize and soybean plants and contributed significantly P to their tissues. A significant increase in the phosphate solubilizing capacity of the plant rhizosphere after the end of the assay was observed. The strains showed to survive in plant's growth substrate and in the case of Enterobacter sp. J49, it showed also to colonize endophytically maize and soybean. Root exudates of the three plants showed to produce changes in pectinase and cellulase activities of the strains. The bacterial strains analyzed in this study constitutes potential sources for the formulation of biofertilizers for their application for several crops in agricultural soils with low P content.
磷（P）是植物生长发育的限制因素，因为它在土壤中的有效性较低。本研究提出使用内生解磷细菌作为使用化学磷肥的更可持续替代品。目的是分析简单接种本地花生内生解磷细菌对大豆和玉米植物生长促进和磷含量的影响，并评估它们在这些植物上的存活和内生定殖能力。此外，还测定了在有无根系分泌物情况下细菌植物细胞壁降解酶的活性。大豆、玉米和花生植株在微观尺度上生长，并接种了肠杆菌属J49菌株或沙雷氏菌属S119菌株。观察到解磷菌株促进了玉米和大豆植株的生长，并为它们的组织显著提供了磷。试验结束后，观察到植物根际解磷能力显著提高。这些菌株显示能在植物生长基质中存活，就肠杆菌属J49菌株而言，它还显示能内生定殖于玉米和大豆。三种植物的根系分泌物显示会使菌株的果胶酶和纤维素酶活性发生变化。本研究中分析的细菌菌株构成了生物肥料配方的潜在来源，可用于低磷含量农业土壤中的多种作物。
