Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Phulwarisharif, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Anugrah Narayan College, Patna, Bihar, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(32):43923-43934. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13521-5. Epub 2021 Apr 11.
Arsenic poisoning through groundwater is the world's greatest normal groundwater catastrophe which got an immense effect on worldwide general wellbeing. India is confronting the outcomes of arsenic poisoning in the zone of Ganga Brahmaputra alluvial plains. In Bihar, out of 38 districts, 18 districts are exceptionally influenced with groundwater arsenic defilement. In the present study, we have assessed the current situation of arsenic exposure in Sabalpur village of Saran district of Bihar after reporting of breast, renal, skin and thyroid cancer cases from this village along with typical symptoms of arsenicosis. Such cancer patients were identified at our institute and were taken for the study. The present investigation deals with the quantification of arsenic in groundwater, hair and nail samples of subjects as well as the survey of entire village to know the overall health status of the village people. A total of n=128 household handpump water samples as well as n=128 human hair and nail samples were collected from over n=520 households. Using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS), all the samples were analysed. The investigation resulted that the 61% of the analysed samples particularly the groundwater had the arsenic levels more than the permissible limit of WHO (> 10 μg/L) with 244.20 μg/L as the highest arsenic contamination in one of the handpump water sample. The exposure effect of hair sample was worst as 88% of all the collected samples were having high arsenic levels more than the permissible limit (> 0.2 mg/Kg). In case of nail samples, 92% of the samples were having high arsenic concentration more than the permissible limit (> 0.5 mg/Kg). The health survey study revealed high magnitude of disease burden in the exposed population with symptoms such as asthma, anaemia, hepatomegaly, diabetes, cardiac problem, skin fungal infections, breathlessness and mental disability. Few cancer cases of renal, skin, breast and cervix were also found among the exposed population of this village. The percentage of cancer cases in this village was 0.94% that was low, but it would be an aggravated situation in the near future if people will continue drinking arsenic-contaminated water. Therefore, a mitigation intervention was carried out in March 2020 by installing an arsenic filter plant. The health situation in the village in the present scenario is hope to improve in the coming years. However, motivation and awareness among the village population are still required.
地下水砷污染是全球最大的正常地下水灾难，对全球公共健康造成了巨大影响。印度正面临恒河-布拉马普特拉河冲积平原地区的砷污染问题。在比哈尔邦，38 个县中有 18 个县受到地下水砷污染的严重影响。在本研究中，我们评估了比哈尔邦萨拉普尔村的砷暴露情况，此前该村庄报告了乳腺癌、肾癌、皮肤癌和甲状腺癌病例以及典型的砷中毒症状。我们研究所发现了这些癌症患者，并将他们纳入了研究。本研究涉及对地下水、头发和指甲样本中的砷进行定量分析，以及对整个村庄进行调查，以了解村民的整体健康状况。我们从 520 多个家庭中采集了总共 128 户家庭手压泵水样以及 128 个人的头发和指甲样本。使用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计（GF-AAS）对所有样本进行了分析。调查结果表明，61%的分析样本，特别是地下水，砷含量超过世界卫生组织（WHO）的允许限值（>10μg/L），其中一个手压泵水样的砷含量最高，达到 244.20μg/L。头发样本的暴露效应最差，因为所有采集的样本中，88%的样本砷含量超过允许限值（>0.2mg/Kg）。指甲样本中，92%的样本砷浓度超过允许限值（>0.5mg/Kg）。健康调查研究显示，在暴露人群中，疾病负担巨大，症状包括哮喘、贫血、肝肿大、糖尿病、心脏问题、皮肤真菌感染、呼吸困难和精神残疾。在这个村庄的暴露人群中也发现了少数肾癌、皮肤癌、乳腺癌和宫颈癌病例。这个村庄的癌症病例比例为 0.94%，虽然比例较低，但如果人们继续饮用受砷污染的水，未来情况将会恶化。因此，2020 年 3 月，我们通过安装砷过滤厂进行了缓解干预。目前，该村庄的健康状况有望在未来几年得到改善。然而，仍然需要提高村民的积极性和意识。
