A novel coarse and fine control algorithm to improve Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) efficiency in photovoltaic system.

The Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm in solar Photovoltaics (PV) is popular owing to its simplicity. However, its drawbacks, (i) operating point divergence and (ii) tradeoff between fast convergence and balanced state oscillations decelerate the usage. Most of the developments in the literature to overcome these drawbacks increase complexity. To retain simplicity and also to improve tracking efficiency, this paper proposes a Coarse and fine control algorithm. This proposal has distinct aspects, having three control modes. Mode 1 and 2 enhance fast convergence and mode 3 controls stable state oscillations. The comparative analysis from simulation proves that the proposed technique has fast convergence, reduced balanced state oscillations, better tracking efficiency, and minimum transient power loss than the other techniques.