Zubrick S R, Macartney H, Stanley F J
Health Department of Western Australia, Neurosciences Unit, Shenton Park.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1988 Apr;30(2):145-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04745.x.
A group of 347 children who had been classed as 'at risk' in the neonatal period were examined by means of academic attainment tests and teacher ratings at the end of their first year in primary school. Matched classroom controls were also examined to estimate the prevalence of reading, spelling and mathematics difficulties. Preterm birth and low birthweight appeared to be significant antecedents of poorer outcome in all three subjects. The attributable risk of low birthweight to academic handicap was estimated to be 29 per cent. There was no additional effect of time to spontaneous respiration (short and long) on academic outcome for the preterm low-birthweight group. In contrast, poor outcome for the low-birthweight children who had not been preterm was associated with longer time to spontaneous respiration. Graduates of neonatal intensive care with normal birthweights performed comparably with their low-risk controls. These results are discussed in relation to other longitudinal studies of the outcome for 'at-risk' infants.
一组在新生儿期被归类为“高危”的347名儿童，在小学一年级结束时通过学业成绩测试和教师评分进行了检查。还对相匹配的课堂对照组进行了检查，以估计阅读、拼写和数学困难的发生率。早产和低出生体重似乎是这三门学科较差成绩的重要先行因素。低出生体重对学业障碍的归因风险估计为29%。早产低体重组中，自主呼吸时间（短和长）对学业成绩没有额外影响。相比之下，未早产的低体重儿童成绩较差与自主呼吸时间较长有关。出生体重正常的新生儿重症监护毕业生与低风险对照组表现相当。这些结果与其他关于“高危”婴儿结局的纵向研究相关进行了讨论。
