School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2021 Aug;74(8):1418-1431. doi: 10.1177/17470218211012852. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
A characteristic feature of daily life is encountering people in groups. Surprisingly, however, at least during the initial stages of processing, research has focused almost exclusively on the construal of single individuals. As such, it remains unclear whether person and people (i.e., group) perception yield comparable or divergent outcomes. Addressing this issue, here we explored a core social-cognitive topic-stereotype activation-by presenting both single and multiple facial primes in a sequential-priming task. In addition, the processes underlying task performance were probed using a drift diffusion model analysis. Based on prior work, it was hypothesised that multiple (vs. single) primes would increase stereotype-based responding. Across two experiments, a consistent pattern of results emerged. First, stereotype priming was insensitive to the number of primes that were presented and occurred only at a short prime-target stimulus onset asynchrony (i.e., 250 ms). Second, priming was underpinned by a bias towards congruent (vs. incongruent) prime-target responses. Collectively these findings advance understanding of the emergence and origin of stereotype priming during person and people perception.
日常生活的一个特点是经常会遇到成群的人。然而，令人惊讶的是，至少在处理的初始阶段，研究几乎完全集中在对单个个体的解释上。因此，人们不清楚个体和群体（即人群）感知是否会产生类似或不同的结果。为了解决这个问题，我们在一个连续启动任务中同时呈现单个和多个面部启动来探索一个核心的社会认知话题——刻板印象激活。此外，我们还使用漂移扩散模型分析来探究任务表现背后的过程。基于先前的工作，我们假设多个（而不是单个）启动会增加基于刻板印象的反应。在两个实验中，出现了一致的结果模式。首先，刻板印象启动对呈现的启动数量不敏感，仅在短的启动-目标刺激时距（即 250 毫秒）出现。其次，启动是由对一致（而非不一致）的启动-目标反应的偏向所支撑的。总的来说，这些发现增进了对个体和群体感知过程中刻板印象启动的出现和起源的理解。
