Moore John, Renn Tanya, Veeh Christopher
Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Subst Abus. 2022;43(1):161-170. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1903651. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
Rates of substance use and substance use disorders are higher among adults on probation or parole supervision compared to the general population. Substance use is a risk factor of not adhering to supervision requirements, which may result in revocation and incarceration. Examining associations of metropolitan area status with substance use and substance use disorders may identify specific substance use behaviors that can be targeted in community corrections prevention and treatment services. The present study examined associations of metropolitan area residency with substance use and substance use disorders among adults on probation or parole supervision. : Data came from the 2015 to 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ([NSDUH]; = 4266 adults on parole or probation). Multivariable logistic regression was run for substance-specific models for each of the two outcomes of past-year use and substance use disorder. : Nonmetropolitan residency was associated with higher odds of methamphetamine use and lower odds of cocaine use. Nonmetropolitan residency was associated with higher odds of methamphetamine use disorder and lower odds of opioid use disorder and cocaine use disorder. : Study findings highlight the differences of substance use and substance use disorders between levels of metropolitan areas for those on probation or parole. Findings suggest that cocaine use should be emphasized in clinical services in large metropolitan areas, whereas methamphetamine use may be prioritized in nonmetropolitan areas. Further study is needed to investigate the interface of substance use behaviors and community corrections outcomes across metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas.
与普通人群相比，处于缓刑或假释监管期的成年人中物质使用及物质使用障碍的发生率更高。物质使用是不遵守监管要求的一个风险因素，这可能导致撤销缓刑及监禁。研究大都市区状况与物质使用及物质使用障碍之间的关联，可能会识别出在社区矫正预防和治疗服务中可以针对的特定物质使用行为。本研究考察了处于缓刑或假释监管期的成年人中大都市区居住情况与物质使用及物质使用障碍之间的关联。：数据来自2015年至2018年的全国药物使用和健康调查（[NSDUH]；n = 4266名处于假释或缓刑期的成年人）。针对过去一年使用和物质使用障碍这两个结果中的每一个，运行特定物质模型的多变量逻辑回归。：非大都市区居住与甲基苯丙胺使用几率较高及可卡因使用几率较低相关。非大都市区居住与甲基苯丙胺使用障碍几率较高及阿片类药物使用障碍和可卡因使用障碍几率较低相关。：研究结果突出了处于缓刑或假释期的人群在大都市区层面上物质使用及物质使用障碍的差异。结果表明，在大型大都市区的临床服务中应强调可卡因使用，而在非大都市区可能应优先关注甲基苯丙胺使用。需要进一步研究来调查大都市区和非大都市区物质使用行为与社区矫正结果之间的关系。
