患有精神疾病且处于假释或缓刑期的老年人的心理健康治疗。
Mental health treatment among older adults with mental illness on parole or probation.
作者信息
Bryson William C, Cotton Brandi P, Barry Lisa C, Bruce Martha L, Piel Jennifer, Thielke Stephen M, Williams Brie A
机构信息
Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Multnomah Pavilion, Room 2316, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA.
University of Rhode Island, College of Nursing, Kingston, RI, USA.
出版信息
Health Justice. 2019 Mar 28;7(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s40352-019-0084-y.
BACKGROUND
The number of older adults on parole and probation is growing at an unprecedented rate, yet little is known about the mental health needs and treatment utilization patterns among this group. The objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of serious or moderate mental illness (SMMI), and the proportion of those with SMMI who receive mental health treatment, among community-dwelling older adults on correctional supervision (parole or probation) vs. not on correctional supervision.
METHODS
Design: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2008-2014 National Surveys for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
SETTING
Population-based national survey data.
PARTICIPANTS
Older adults (age ≥ 50) who participated in the NSDUH between 2008 and 2014 (n = 44,624). Participants were categorized according to whether they were on parole or probation during the 12 months prior to survey completion (n = 379) vs. not (n = 44,245).
MEASUREMENTS
Probable SMMI was defined using a validated measure in the NSDUH. Mental health treatment included any outpatient mental health services or prescriptions over the 12 months prior to survey completion. We compared the prevalence of SMMI, and the proportion of those with SMMI who received any treatment, by correctional status.
RESULTS
Overall, 7% (N = 3266) of participants had SMMI; the prevalence was disproportionately higher among those on parole or probation (21% vs. 7%, p < 0.001). Sixty-two percent of those with SMMI received any mental health treatment, including 81% of those on parole or probation and 61% of those who were not (p < 0.001). This result remained statistically significant after logistic regression accounted for differences in sociodemographics and health.
CONCLUSIONS
SMMI is disproportionally prevalent among older adults on parole or probation, and community correctional supervision programs may be facilitating linkages to needed community-based mental health treatment.
背景
处于假释和缓刑期的老年人数量正以前所未有的速度增长，但对于该群体的心理健康需求和治疗利用模式却知之甚少。本研究的目的是比较处于惩教监管（假释或缓刑）中的社区居住老年人与未处于惩教监管中的老年人中严重或中度精神疾病（SMMI）的患病率，以及患有SMMI且接受心理健康治疗的比例。
方法
设计：对2008 - 2014年全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH）的数据进行横断面分析。
设置
基于人群的全国调查数据。
参与者
2008年至2014年期间参与NSDUH的老年人（年龄≥50岁）（n = 44,624）。参与者根据在调查完成前12个月内是否处于假释或缓刑期进行分类（n = 379）与未处于该状态（n = 44,245）。
测量
使用NSDUH中经过验证的测量方法定义可能的SMMI。心理健康治疗包括在调查完成前12个月内的任何门诊心理健康服务或处方。我们按惩教状态比较了SMMI的患病率以及患有SMMI且接受任何治疗的比例。
结果
总体而言，7%（N = 3266）的参与者患有SMMI；在处于假释或缓刑期的人中患病率高得多（21%对7%，p < 0.001）。62%的患有SMMI的人接受了任何心理健康治疗，包括81%处于假释或缓刑期的人和61%未处于该状态的人（p < 0.001）。在逻辑回归考虑了社会人口统计学和健康方面的差异后，这一结果仍具有统计学意义。
结论
SMMI在处于假释或缓刑期的老年人中普遍存在，社区惩教监管计划可能有助于与所需的社区心理健康治疗建立联系。
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