Sabotič Jerica, Renko Miha, Kos Janko
Acta Chim Slov. 2019 Feb;66(1):28-36.
The cysteine protease inhibitors, clitocypin and macrocypins, from higher fungi (mycocypins), together with the serine protease inhibitors highly specific for trypsin cospin and cnispin from higher fungi (mycospins), display several characteristics that distinguish them from protease inhibitors from other sources. Their high genetic heterogeneity affects their functionality and/or stability and results in numerous protein variants with slightly different inhibitory profiles that influence the type of protease inhibited and/or the strength of inhibition. They possess the μ-trefoil fold that shows high plasticity in their utilization of the 11 diverse loops for the inhibition of various families of proteases through different mechanisms of inhibition. Their high versatility is also seen in their regulatory and defence functions and in their potential applications in biotechnology, crop protection and medicine.
来自高等真菌的半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（clitocypin和macrocypin，即真菌蛋白酶抑制剂），与来自高等真菌的对胰蛋白酶具有高度特异性的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（cospin和cnispin，即真菌丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂），展现出了一些使其有别于其他来源蛋白酶抑制剂的特性。它们高度的遗传异质性影响其功能和/或稳定性，并导致众多具有略有不同抑制谱的蛋白质变体，这些变体影响所抑制蛋白酶的类型和/或抑制强度。它们具有μ-三叶折叠结构，该结构在利用11个不同的环通过不同抑制机制抑制各种蛋白酶家族方面表现出高度可塑性。它们的高度多功能性还体现在其调节和防御功能以及在生物技术、作物保护和医学中的潜在应用方面。
