New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York City, USA.
Rutgers School of Nursing, Newark, NJ, USA.
J Fam Nurs. 2021 Nov;27(4):304-326. doi: 10.1177/10748407211001559. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) children face increased behavioral health risks including suicidal behaviors and substance abuse. Parental affirmation is associated with behavioral health outcomes similar to non-TGD peers. This integrative review synthesizes and appraises evidence regarding experiences of parenting a TGD child in the United States or Canada from 2008 to 2018. Most parents across these 15 studies described affirming their child's gender at time of interview. Parents reported initial interpersonal processes (emotions, concerns, beliefs), sought education (frequently online), and described interactions with family members and professionals that were not always affirming. Parents accessed support groups but described their own well-being as a low priority relative to the child's needs. Parents' own needs for well-being may affect the process of parenting a TGD child and should be explored. Future research should address the experiences of non-parent family members and participants from more diverse backgrounds. Nursing education must consistently address gender affirming care.
跨性别和性别多样化（TGD）儿童面临着更高的行为健康风险，包括自杀行为和药物滥用。父母的肯定与非 TGD 同龄人相似，与行为健康结果相关。本综述综合评估了 2008 年至 2018 年期间美国或加拿大父母养育 TGD 儿童的经验证据。在这 15 项研究中，大多数父母在接受采访时都描述了对孩子的性别表示肯定。父母报告了最初的人际过程（情感、担忧、信念），寻求教育（通常是在线的），并描述了与家庭成员和专业人员的互动，这些互动并不总是肯定的。父母会寻求支持小组，但将自己的幸福感描述为相对于孩子的需求而言是次要的。父母自身的幸福感需求可能会影响养育 TGD 儿童的过程，应该对此进行探讨。未来的研究应该关注非父母家庭成员和来自更多元背景的参与者的经历。护理教育必须始终重视性别认同护理。
