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["你得这么看。”一项关于居家需要帮助和照料的老年人对新冠疫情主观体验的研究]

["You have to take it that way." A study of the subjective experience of the corona pandemic by older people in need of help and care living at home].

作者信息

Nikelski Angela, Trompetter Eva, Feldmann Stefanie, Whittaker Esther-Sarah, Boekholt Melanie, Chikhradze Nino, Kracht Friederike, Lücker Petra, Vollmar Horst Christian, Thyrian Jochen René, Kreisel Stefan H

机构信息

Abteilung für Gerontopsychiatrie und Forschungsabteilung der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Universitätsklinikum OWL der Universität Bielefeld, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bethesdaweg 12, 33617, Bielefeld, Deutschland.

Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland.

出版信息

Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2021 Jul;54(4):359-364. doi: 10.1007/s00391-021-01888-6. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

As older people are at increased risk of severe and fatal courses of SARS-CoV‑2 infection, they receive special attention, which, however, often refers one-sidedly to their need for protection. What is needed is a discussion that considers the subjective reality and resources as well as risks.

OBJECTIVE

The study focused on the perspectives of older people. The aim was to shed light on their subjective experience of the corona pandemic. The questions were how they experienced the pandemic, the risks, consequences and protective measures, to what extent these affected their everyday life and how they dealt with it.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A total of 12 guideline-based telephone interviews were conducted in May and June 2020 with 9 women and 3 men between 77 and 91 years of age, who lived in their own homes, had impaired health and needed help and care. The data were evaluated by structuring content analysis.

RESULTS

The respondents were generally concerned about the corona pandemic but considered their own risk to be low. They saw themselves as hardly affected by the immediate consequences of the crisis or severely restricted in their everyday lives. They experienced insecurity in social life and fear of loneliness was central. Overall, they considered the protective measures to be appropriate but criticized early cancelling, family contact restrictions and dealing with the dying.

CONCLUSION

A moderate degree of direct personal involvement, acceptance and adaptability characterized the experience and handling of the corona pandemic. Resources and skills in dealing with the crisis become visible.

摘要

背景

由于老年人感染新冠病毒后出现严重和致命病程的风险增加,他们受到了特别关注,然而,这种关注往往片面地集中在他们的保护需求上。我们需要进行一场讨论,既要考虑主观现实、资源,也要考虑风险。

目的

本研究聚焦于老年人的观点。旨在揭示他们对新冠疫情的主观体验。问题包括他们如何体验疫情、风险、后果及保护措施,这些在多大程度上影响了他们的日常生活,以及他们是如何应对的。

材料与方法

2020年5月和6月,对9名女性和3名男性,年龄在77至91岁之间,居住在自己家中、健康受损且需要帮助和护理的老人,总共进行了12次基于指南的电话访谈。通过结构化内容分析对数据进行评估。

结果

受访者普遍对新冠疫情感到担忧,但认为自己的风险较低。他们觉得自己几乎没有受到危机直接后果的影响,日常生活也没有受到严重限制。他们在社交生活中感到不安,对孤独的恐惧是核心问题。总体而言,他们认为保护措施是恰当的,但批评了过早取消、家庭接触限制以及临终处理方式。

结论

对新冠疫情的体验和应对表现为适度的直接个人参与、接受和适应能力。应对危机的资源和技能得以显现。

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本文引用的文献

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Older people's early experience of household isolation and social distancing during COVID-19.
J Clin Nurs. 2020 Nov;29(21-22):4387-4402. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15485. Epub 2020 Sep 13.
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Methods of assessment of antiepileptic drugs.
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