Molecular Mind Lab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy.
Molecular Mind Lab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jul;126:444-446. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.035. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
A comprehensive understanding of brain-environment interactions is elusive even at the sensory level as neural plasticity waxes and wanes across the lifespan. Temporary and permanent visual deprivations remain pivotal approaches for studying the degree of experience-dependent plasticity of sensory functions. Natural models and experimental manipulations of visual experiences have contributed to uncovering some of the guiding principles that characterize transitions of plastic potentials in the human visual system. The existing literature regarding the neural plasticity associated with visual systems has been extensively discussed by two recent reviews articles (Röder et al., 2020; Castaldi et al., 2020) which provided an overview of different models of study and methods of investigations, gathering insights on both developing and adult brains. Here, we propose a framework of three main factors to characterize how the driving forces shaping visual circuits mutate, both quantitatively and qualitatively, between early development and adulthood.
即使在感觉水平上，对大脑-环境相互作用的全面理解也难以捉摸，因为神经可塑性在整个生命周期中时强时弱。暂时和永久的视觉剥夺仍然是研究感觉功能的经验依赖性可塑性程度的关键方法。自然模型和视觉经验的实验操作有助于揭示一些指导原则，这些原则描述了人类视觉系统中可塑性潜力的转变。最近的两篇综述文章（Röder 等人，2020 年；Castaldi 等人，2020 年）广泛讨论了与视觉系统相关的神经可塑性，概述了不同的研究模型和研究方法，收集了关于发育中和成年期大脑的见解。在这里，我们提出了一个由三个主要因素构成的框架，以描述塑造视觉回路的驱动力在早期发育和成年期之间在数量和质量上是如何变化的。
