Soil Science, University of Trier, Behringstraße 21, 54296, Trier, Germany.
School of Tourism and Land Resource, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Xuefu Avenue 19, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400067, China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2021 Oct;43(10):4299-4313. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00904-3. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) released into the environment have an adverse impact on the soil and water ecosystem as well as human health. Sorption of PhACs by soils and its potential modification through introduced DOM in the applied animal manure or treated wastewater (TWW) determines the mobility and environmental relevance of PhACs. Sulfadiazine, caffeine and atenolol were selected as target PhACs to investigate their sorption behaviors by five selected arable soils in the absence and presence of pig manure DOM. Sulfadiazine was least sorbed, followed by caffeine and atenolol according to the Freundlich sorption isotherm fit (soil average K [μg mL g] 4.07, 9.06, 18.92, respectively). The addition of manure DOM (31.34 mg C L) decreased the sorption of sulfadiazine and especially of caffeine and atenolol (average K 3.04, 6.17, 5.79, respectively). Freundlich sorption isotherms of the PhACs became more nonlinear in the presence of manure DOM (Freundlich exponent n changed from 0.74-1.40 to 0.62-1.12), implying more heterogeneous sorption of PhACs in soil-DOM binary systems. Sorption competition of DOM molecules with sulfadiazine and caffeine mostly contributed to their decreased soil sorption when DOM was present. In contrast, the formation of DOM-atenolol associates in the solution phase caused the largely decreased soil sorption of atenolol in the presence of DOM. It is suggested that DOM concentration (e.g., ≥ 60 mg C L) and its interaction with PhACs should be taken into consideration when assessing the environmental impact of land application of animal manure or irrigation with TWW.
药物活性化合物（PhACs）释放到环境中会对土壤和水生态系统以及人类健康产生不利影响。PhACs 通过土壤的吸附及其在施用的动物粪便或处理后的废水中引入的 DOM 可能产生的改性决定了 PhACs 的迁移性和环境相关性。磺胺嘧啶、咖啡因和阿替洛尔被选为目标 PhACs，以研究它们在不存在和存在猪粪 DOM 的情况下被五种选定的耕地土壤吸附的行为。根据 Freundlich 吸附等温线拟合（土壤平均 K [μg mL g]分别为 4.07、9.06、18.92），磺胺嘧啶的吸附性最小，其次是咖啡因和阿替洛尔。添加粪肥 DOM（31.34 mg C L）降低了磺胺嘧啶的吸附，尤其是咖啡因和阿替洛尔的吸附（平均 K 分别为 3.04、6.17、5.79）。粪肥 DOM 存在时，PhACs 的 Freundlich 吸附等温线变得更加非线性（Freundlich 指数 n 从 0.74-1.40 变为 0.62-1.12），这意味着 PhACs 在土壤-DOM 二元体系中的吸附更加不均匀。DOM 分子与磺胺嘧啶和咖啡因的竞争吸附主要导致它们在 DOM 存在时土壤吸附减少。相比之下，在 DOM 存在的情况下，溶液相中 DOM-阿替洛尔配合物的形成导致阿替洛尔在土壤中吸附的大量减少。这表明在评估动物粪便土地施用或 TWW 灌溉对环境的影响时，应考虑 DOM 浓度（例如，≥60 mg C L）及其与 PhACs 的相互作用。
