Koide R T, Suomi L, Stevens C M, McCORMICK L
Department of Horticulture, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
New Phytol. 1998 Nov;140(3):539-547. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1998.00293.x.
Relatively little is known about the factors controlling ectomycorrhizal fungal communities. One possible factor is forest litter chemistry. In a series of experiments we demonstrated that the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi able to colonize red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) are differentially affected by red pine needles and needle chemical components. For example, water extracts of pine needles stimulated the growth of Suillus intermedius (Smith & Thiers) Smith & Thiers and inhibited the growth of Amanita rubescens Pers. Catechin and epicatechin gallate, components of the water extract, acted similarly to the extract. The volatile compounds α- and β-pinene also had differential effects on the growth of the various species of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Our results suggest that forest litter chemistry has the potential differentially to affect the growth of ectomycorrhizal fungal species and so could affect the structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities.
关于控制外生菌根真菌群落的因素，人们了解得相对较少。一个可能的因素是森林凋落物的化学性质。在一系列实验中，我们证明了能够定殖于红松（Pinus resinosa Ait.）的外生菌根真菌的生长受到红松针叶及其化学成分的不同影响。例如，松针的水提取物刺激了中间滑锈伞（Suillus intermedius (Smith & Thiers) Smith & Thiers）的生长，并抑制了红绒盖牛肝菌（Amanita rubescens Pers.）的生长。水提取物中的儿茶素和表儿茶素没食子酸酯的作用与提取物相似。挥发性化合物α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯对各种外生菌根真菌的生长也有不同影响。我们的结果表明，森林凋落物的化学性质有可能不同程度地影响外生菌根真菌物种的生长，从而可能影响外生菌根真菌群落的结构。
