Olsen Rebecca L, Pratt R Brandon, Gump Piper, Kemper Andrea, Tallman Gary
Department of Biology, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, OR 97301, USA.
Natural Science Division, Pepperdine University, 24255 Pacific Coast Highway, Malibu, CA 90265, USA.
New Phytol. 2002 Mar;153(3):497-508. doi: 10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00337.x. Epub 2002 Mar 5.
• Under red light in ambient CO guard cells of faba bean (Vicia faba) fix CO and accumulate sucrose, causing stomata to open. We examined whether at [CO ] low enough to limit guard cell photosynthesis stomata would open when illuminated with red (R) or far-red (FR) light. • After illumination with R or FR in buffered KCl solutions, net stomatal opening was c. 3 µm (R and FR) in air containing 210-225 µl l CO and was 5 µm (R) or 6.5 µm (FR) in air containing 40-50 µl l CO . Opening was fully inhibited by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1 dimethyl urea, the calmodulin antagonist W-7, the ser/thr kinase inhibitor ML-9, and sodium orthovanadate, but not by dithiothreitol, which inhibits formation of zeaxanthin, the blue light photoreceptor of guard cells. • Stomatal opening was accompanied by K uptake and starch loss. Similar results were obtained when leaves were exposed to conditions designed to lower intercellular leaf [CO ]. • These data suggest that the guard cell chloroplasts transduce reduced [CO ], activating stomatal opening through an ion uptake mechanism that depends on chloroplastic photosynthetic electron transport and that shares downstream components of the blue light signal transduction cascade.
• 在蚕豆（野豌豆）的环境二氧化碳保卫细胞中，在红光下固定二氧化碳并积累蔗糖，导致气孔开放。我们研究了在二氧化碳浓度低到足以限制保卫细胞光合作用的情况下，当用红光（R）或远红光（FR）照射时气孔是否会开放。
• 在缓冲的氯化钾溶液中用R或FR照射后，在含有210 - 225微升/升二氧化碳的空气中，净气孔开度约为3微米（R和FR），在含有40 - 50微升/升二氧化碳的空气中，开度为5微米（R）或6.5微米（FR）。开度被3 -（3,4 - 二氯苯基）- 1,1 - 二甲基脲、钙调蛋白拮抗剂W - 7、丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶抑制剂ML - 9和原钒酸钠完全抑制，但不被抑制保卫细胞蓝光光感受器玉米黄质形成的二硫苏糖醇抑制。
• 气孔开放伴随着钾离子吸收和淀粉损失。当叶片暴露于旨在降低细胞间叶片二氧化碳浓度的条件下时，也获得了类似的结果。
• 这些数据表明，保卫细胞叶绿体转导降低的二氧化碳浓度，通过一种依赖于叶绿体光合电子传递的离子吸收机制激活气孔开放，且该机制共享蓝光信号转导级联的下游组分。
