Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nippon Medical School.
J Nippon Med Sch. 2021 Sep 1;88(4):268-272. doi: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-418. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most important complications in orthopedic surgery. Deep-vein thrombosis occurs frequently after surgery but has few clinical symptoms. The emboli formed may cause pulmonary thromboembolism, which is associated with a high mortality rate. The cost of medical care is doubled when VTE develops after surgery. Thus, it is imperative to focus on preventing VTE after major orthopedic surgery. The prevention method should be selected after considering the balance between VTE risk and bleeding risk attributable to drug prophylaxis. Physical prophylaxis, drug prophylaxis, or both should be selected. When performing VTE prophylaxis, the risks and merits of prophylaxis must be made clear to patients.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是骨科手术中最重要的并发症之一。手术后深静脉血栓形成很常见，但临床症状很少。形成的栓子可能导致肺血栓栓塞症，其死亡率很高。手术后发生 VTE 会使医疗费用增加一倍。因此，必须重视预防大型骨科手术后的 VTE。应在考虑药物预防导致的 VTE 风险与出血风险之间的平衡后选择预防方法。应选择物理预防、药物预防或两者兼用。在进行 VTE 预防时，必须向患者说明预防的风险和益处。
