Herslund Lise, Paulgaard Gry
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Front Sociol. 2021 Mar 15;6:623686. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2021.623686. eCollection 2021.
The paper investigates how refugees settled in rural Norway and Denmark experience and interact with their new rural places of residence. Theoretically, the paper finds inspiration in "phenomenology of practices" (Simonsen, Prog. Hum. Geogr., 2012, 37, 10-26), which emphasizes the bodily and sensory experiences of daily life that spur feelings of, for example, "orientation" or "disorientation". The empirical material is based on fieldwork and qualitative interviews with refugees and local volunteers in 2016/2017/2019 in small towns in the rural north of Norway and rural Denmark. There are several differences between the Norwegian and Danish rural areas, in relation to distances, climate and population density. Nonetheless, the ways in which the rural areas are experienced from within, by refugees settled there, show surprisingly many similarities. Many of the informants, in both the Norwegian and Danish cases, initially expressed frustration at being placed in rural areas without having any say in the matter. Those who were former city-dwellers especially experienced moments of disorientation, as their encounters with Nordic rural life were experienced as the opposite of their urban backgrounds. Limiting structural conditions very much shape the everyday lives of refugees in the first years, when they do not have a car or the financial capacity to find their own house. They feel stressed, with busy everyday lives made up of long commuting hours on public transport. In these first years of uncertainty, the dark and harsh weather very much adds to the feeling of stress and insecurity. What seem to add "orientation" are social relations with other refugees and local volunteers organizing activities.
本文探讨了定居在挪威和丹麦农村地区的难民如何体验他们新的农村居住地以及与这些地方互动。从理论上讲，本文从“实践现象学”（西蒙森，《人类地理学进展》，2012年，第37卷，第10 - 26页）中获得灵感，该理论强调日常生活中的身体和感官体验，这些体验会引发诸如“方向感”或“迷失方向感”等感受。实证材料基于2016年/2017年/2019年在挪威北部农村小镇和丹麦农村对难民及当地志愿者进行的实地调查和定性访谈。挪威和丹麦的农村地区在距离、气候和人口密度方面存在一些差异。尽管如此，定居在那里的难民从内部体验农村地区的方式却显示出惊人的相似之处。在挪威和丹麦的案例中，许多受访者最初都表示对被安置在农村地区且对此事没有任何发言权感到沮丧。那些曾经是城市居民的人尤其经历了迷失方向的时刻，因为他们对北欧农村生活的体验与他们的城市背景截然不同。在最初几年，当难民没有汽车或经济能力找到自己的房子时，有限的结构条件极大地塑造了他们的日常生活。他们感到压力很大，日常忙碌的生活包括在公共交通上长时间通勤。在这些充满不确定性的最初几年里，黑暗恶劣的天气更是加剧了压力和不安全感。而与其他难民以及组织活动的当地志愿者建立的社会关系似乎能增加“方向感”。
