Synn Andrew J, Byanova Katerina L, Li Wenyuan, Gold Diane R, Di Qian, Kloog Itai, Schwartz Joel, San José Estépar Raúl, Washko George R, O'Connor George T, Mittleman Murray A, Rice Mary B
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Environ Epidemiol. 2021 Mar 18;5(2):e143. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000143. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Exposure to higher levels of ambient air pollution is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease but long-term effects of pollution exposure on the pulmonary vessels are unknown.
Among 2428 Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent chest computed tomography (CT) between 2008 and 2011, pulmonary vascular volumes were calculated by image analysis, including the total vascular volume and small vessel volume (cross-sectional area <5 mm; BV5 defined as small vessel volume). Using spatiotemporal models and participant home address, we assigned 1-year (2008) and 5-year (2004-2008) average concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM), elemental carbon (EC), and ground-level ozone (O), and distance to major roadway. We examined associations of 1- and 5-year exposures, and distance to road, with CT vascular volumes using multivariable linear regression models.
There was a consistent negative association of higher O with lower small vessel volumes, which persisted after adjustment for distance to road. Per interquartile range (IQR) of 2008 O, BV5 was 0.34 mL lower (95% confidence intervals [CI], -0.61 to -0.06; = 0.02), with similar results for 5-year exposure. One-year EC exposure and closer proximity to road were weakly associated with small vessel volumes; BV5 was 0.18 mL higher per IQR of 2008 EC (95% CI, -0.05 to 0.42; = 0.13) and 0.40 mL higher per IQR closer proximity to road (95% CI: -0.10 to 0.89; = 0.12). PM was not associated with small vascular volumes; BV5 was 0.26 mL lower per IQR of 2008 PM (95% CI: -0.68 to 0.16; = 0.22).
Among community-dwelling adults living in the northeastern United States, higher exposure to O was associated with lower small pulmonary vessel volumes on CT.
已知暴露于较高水平的环境空气污染是心血管疾病的一个风险因素，但污染暴露对肺血管的长期影响尚不清楚。
在2008年至2011年间接受胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）的2428名弗雷明汉心脏研究参与者中，通过图像分析计算肺血管容积，包括总血管容积和小血管容积（横截面积<5mm；BV5定义为小血管容积）。利用时空模型和参与者家庭住址，我们确定了1年（2008年）和5年（2004 - 2008年）的细颗粒物（PM）、元素碳（EC）和地面臭氧（O）的平均浓度，以及到主要道路的距离。我们使用多变量线性回归模型研究了1年和5年暴露以及到道路的距离与CT血管容积之间的关联。
较高的O与较低的小血管容积之间存在一致的负相关，在调整到道路的距离后这种相关性仍然存在。2开08年O的每四分位数间距（IQR），BV5降低0.34mL（95%置信区间[CI]，-0.61至-0.06；P = 0.02），5年暴露的结果相似。1年的EC暴露以及更靠近道路与小血管容积存在弱关联；2008年EC的每IQR，BV5升高0.18mL（95%CI，-0.0开至0.42；P = 0.13），每IQR更靠近道路则BV5升高0.40mL（95%CI：-0.10至0.89；P = 0.12）。PM与小血管容积无关；2008年PM的每IQR，BV5降低0.26mL（95%CI：-0.68至0.16；P = 0.22）。
在美国东北部居住的社区成年人中，较高的O暴露与CT上较小的肺小血管容积相关。
