Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
The National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2022 Jan;29(1):81-91. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2599. Epub 2021 Apr 22.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) includes changes in processes such as encoding and retrieval for both traumatic and positive memories. However, most work has predominantly focused on traumatic memories. Thus, Contractor and colleagues proposed a Positive Memory-PTSD model, which highlighted potential benefits associated with and mechanisms underlying positive memory retrieval/processing among individuals reporting PTSD symptoms. To enhance research on and clinical impacts of this model, the current review provides critical considerations for the Positive Memory-PTSD model. Drawing from emerging research and clinical observations, we (i) clarify that the model addresses specific versus overgeneral positive memories; (ii) underscore the importance of considering the heterogeneity in, and transitionary nature of, affect processes following positive memory retrieval; and (iii) highlight the rationale for considering trauma type/count and co-occurring conditions, as potential moderators of relations between positive memory processing and PTSD. Hereby, we provide an updated Positive Memory-PTSD model and implications for positive memory interventions drawing from this model.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）包括对创伤和积极记忆的编码和提取过程的改变。然而，大多数工作主要集中在创伤记忆上。因此，Contractor 和同事提出了积极记忆 - PTSD 模型，该模型强调了报告 PTSD 症状的个体中与积极记忆检索/处理相关的潜在益处和潜在机制。为了增强对该模型的研究和临床影响，本综述为积极记忆 - PTSD 模型提供了关键的考虑因素。借鉴新兴的研究和临床观察，我们 (i) 阐明该模型针对特定的积极记忆而非泛化的积极记忆；(ii) 强调在积极记忆检索后，需要考虑情绪过程的异质性和过渡性；(iii) 强调考虑创伤类型/数量和共病情况的合理性，因为这可能是积极记忆处理与 PTSD 之间关系的调节因素。借此，我们提供了一个更新的积极记忆 - PTSD 模型，并根据该模型提出了积极记忆干预的意义。
