Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(33):45609-45618. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13995-3. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Producing clean water via renewable solar energy and available low-cost natural resources is one of paramount issues for the near future sustainable cleaner production theme to promote civilization. This work investigates the transient behavior of a solar-driven clean water extraction system from air by various desiccant natural and hybrid composite materials. Different single composite desiccant materials, hybrid single composite desiccant material, and hybrid multi-layers composite desiccant materials were examined using an efficient design of a solar glass box with four glass faces and square base setup. Nine different single composite desiccant materials were compared for water production from atmospheric air considering jute, wool, cotton, and maize starch host materials. The effect of CaCl solution concentration on the hybridization of such materials was also investigated to examine and optimize their water productivity efficiency. Thirteen hybrid multi-layer starch-based composite desiccant material types were utilized. Different layer combinations and weight percentages of hybrid composite desiccant materials were optimized based on the performance in the single hybrid composites stages including wool/CaCl/starch, jute/CaCl/starch, and cotton/CaCl/starch. Results have indicated that the transient behavior of water productivity of composite desiccants increased as the wool percentage by mass in the composite has been increased. The transient behavior of water productivity of both single and hybrid multi-layer composites reached its maximum at 1:00 o'clock PM. The quality of extracted water was analyzed using total dissolved solids (TDS) test and found to be within the excellent category of clean water suitable for human being. Water generated from the samples that contain only natural fibers and starch was the cleaner and non-toxic.
通过可再生太阳能和可用的低成本自然资源生产清洁水，是促进文明的近期可持续清洁生产主题的头等大事之一。本工作研究了各种干燥剂天然和混合复合材料通过太阳能驱动的从空气中提取清洁水的瞬态行为。使用具有四面玻璃和正方形底座的高效太阳能玻璃盒设计，研究了不同的单一复合干燥剂材料、混合单一复合干燥剂材料和混合多层复合干燥剂材料。考虑到黄麻、羊毛、棉花和玉米淀粉主体材料，比较了 9 种不同的单一复合干燥剂材料用于从大气空气中生产水。还研究了 CaCl 溶液浓度对这些材料的杂化的影响，以检查和优化其水生产效率。利用了 13 种基于淀粉的混合多层复合干燥剂材料类型。根据单一混合复合材料阶段的性能，优化了不同层组合和混合复合干燥剂材料的重量百分比，包括羊毛/CaCl/淀粉、黄麻/CaCl/淀粉和棉花/CaCl/淀粉。结果表明，随着复合材料中羊毛的质量百分比的增加，复合干燥剂的水生产率的瞬态行为增加。单一和混合多层复合材料的水生产率的瞬态行为都在下午 1 点达到最大值。使用总溶解固体（TDS）测试分析了提取水的质量，发现其属于适合人类的清洁水的优秀类别。仅含有天然纤维和淀粉的样品所产生的水更清洁、无毒。
