9·11 后军人退伍后随时间推移对平民生活的调整。
Post-9/11 military veterans' adjustment to civilian life over time following separation from service.
机构信息
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Psychol. 2021 Sep;77(9):2077-2095. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23144. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
OBJECTIVES
US military veterans face many challenges in transitioning to civilian life; little information is available regarding veterans' reintegration experiences over time. The current study characterized veterans' postdeployment stressful life events and concurrent psychosocial wellbeing over one year and determined how stressors and wellbeing differ by demographic factors.
METHODS
Recent Post-911 veterans (n = 402) were assessed approximately every three months for 1 year. Participants were 60% men, primarily White (78%), and 12% Latinx; the average age was 36 years.
RESULTS
The frequency of stressful events decreased over time but was higher for men and minority-race veterans (independent of time since separation). Veterans reported high mean levels of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms, which improved slightly over time. Minority-race and Latinx veterans had higher symptom levels and slower rates of symptom reduction.
CONCLUSION
Veterans remain distressed in their overall transition to civilian life. Interventions to promote resilience and help veterans manage readjustment to civilian life appear urgently needed.
目的
美国退伍军人在向平民生活过渡时面临许多挑战；关于退伍军人随着时间的推移重新融入社会的经验，几乎没有信息。本研究描述了退伍军人在部署后的压力生活事件和同期的社会心理福利超过一年，并确定了压力源和幸福感如何因人口统计学因素而有所不同。
方法
最近的 911 后退伍军人（n=402）在大约 1 年内每三个月评估一次。参与者中 60%是男性，主要是白人（78%），12%是拉丁裔；平均年龄为 36 岁。
结果
压力事件的频率随着时间的推移而降低，但男性和少数族裔退伍军人的频率更高（与分离后时间无关）。退伍军人报告了较高的创伤后应激障碍、焦虑和失眠症状，这些症状随着时间的推移略有改善。少数族裔和拉丁裔退伍军人的症状水平较高，症状缓解速度较慢。
结论
退伍军人在向平民生活的整体过渡中仍然感到痛苦。促进适应力的干预措施和帮助退伍军人适应平民生活的干预措施似乎迫切需要。
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