Bougher N L, Grove T S, Malajczuk N
Division of Forestry and Forest Products, CSIRO, Private Bag, P.O. Wembley, Western Australia 6014.
New Phytol. 1990 Jan;114(1):77-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00376.x.
Growth and phosphorus acquisition of pot-grown seedlings of karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell.) were examined following inoculation with four ectomycorrhizal fungi -Descolea maculata Bougher (two isolates), Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, and Laccaria laccata (Scop, ex Fr.) Berk. & Br. Seedlings were raised in steam-sterilized sand to which 13 rates of phosphorus (0.100 mg P kg soil) were applied. All fungi except P. tinctorius produced a plant growth response. L. laccata produced the largest growth response. Responses were greatest at low rates of application of P to soil. There was no effect of the fungi on growth at levels of P application above 28 mg P kg soil. A threshold effect (no increase in growth with increasing additions of P) characteristic of non-mycorrhizal seedlings was eliminated by mycorrhizal infection. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased P content of plant tissues at sub-optimal levels of P supply. The effect of mycorrhizas on seedling P status diminished with increasing soil P. One isolate of D. maculata often had greater rates of P accumulation and produced higher concentrations of P in plant tissues than L. laccata, but did not produce greater plant biomass. Frequency of infection for all fungi was low in soils with no additional P, and greatest with the addition of mg P kg soil (L. laccata and D. maculata isolate A), or 4 mg P kg soil (D. maculata isolate B). Infection was reduced with increasing soil P, and not evident at 36 mg P kg soil or higher levels of soil P. L. laccata had higher infection frequency and mycorrhizal root length at all levels of soil P than the D. maculata isolates. Two fungi produced basidiomes. This occurred at levels of soil P application ranging from 4 to 28 mg P kg soil for D. maculata (isolate B), and at 4 to 28 mg P kg soil for L. laccata.
对接种四种外生菌根真菌（斑点硬皮马勃菌Descolea maculata Bougher的两个分离株、彩色豆马勃菌Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch以及乳白红菇Laccaria laccata (Scop, ex Fr.) Berk. & Br.）后的卡里桉（Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell.）盆栽幼苗的生长和磷吸收情况进行了研究。幼苗在蒸汽灭菌的沙子中培育，并施加了13种磷水平（0.100毫克磷/千克土壤）。除彩色豆马勃菌外，所有真菌都对植物生长产生了影响。乳白红菇对植物生长的促进作用最大。在土壤中低磷施用量时，这种促进作用最为明显。当土壤磷施用量高于28毫克磷/千克土壤时，真菌对生长没有影响。菌根感染消除了非菌根幼苗所特有的阈值效应（即随着磷添加量增加生长不再增加）。在磷供应处于次优水平时，菌根接种增加了植物组织中的磷含量。菌根对幼苗磷状况的影响随着土壤磷含量的增加而减弱。斑点硬皮马勃菌的一个分离株通常比乳白红菇具有更高的磷积累速率，并且在植物组织中产生更高的磷浓度，但并没有产生更大的植物生物量。在不添加额外磷的土壤中，所有真菌的感染频率都很低，在添加1毫克磷/千克土壤时（乳白红菇和斑点硬皮马勃菌分离株A）感染频率最高，在添加4毫克磷/千克土壤时（斑点硬皮马勃菌分离株B）感染频率最高。随着土壤磷含量的增加，感染率降低，在36毫克磷/千克土壤或更高的土壤磷水平下不明显。在所有土壤磷水平下，乳白红菇的感染频率和菌根根长度都高于斑点硬皮马勃菌的分离株。有两种真菌产生了担子果。对于斑点硬皮马勃菌（分离株B），担子果出现在土壤磷施用量为4至28毫克磷/千克土壤的范围内，对于乳白红菇，担子果出现在4至28毫克磷/千克土壤的范围内。
