Heijne B, Dueck A, VAN DER Eerden L J, Heil G W
Department of Plant Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 800.84, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands and Research Institute for Plant Protection, P.O. Box 9060, 6700 GW Waginingen, The Netherlands.
New Phytol. 1994 Aug;127(4):685-696. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb02971.x.
Three heathland species. Arnica montana L., Viola canina L. and Nardus stricta L., were exposed to gaseous ammonia and artificial rain containing ammonium sulphate for 11 wk. Plants infected with Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter Sensu Gerdemann) Gerd & Trappe grew faster than non-mycorrhizal plants. Ammonia increased the shoot dry weight of both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal V. Canina and mycorrhizal N. stricta. Only mycorrhizal V. canina and non-mycorrhizal N. stricta grew faster when supplied with increasing concentrations of ammonium sulphate. The nitrogen tissue concentration, in all three species, was not influenced by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM), but increased when plants Wete treated with ammonia. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal N. stricta and mycorrhizal V. canina had a higher N tissue concentration when supplied with ammonium sulphate. The phosphorus tissue concentration was higher when plants were infected VAM, but tended to be lower in the presence of ammonia or ammonium sulphate. Mycorrhizal plants had higher total amounts of N and P than non-mycorrhizal plants and plants treated with ammonia had higher total amounts of N than non-treated plants. VAM colonization increased in all three species when treated with ammonia but was not affected by exposure to ammonium sulphate. Mycorrhiza decreased the sensitivity of N. stricta to drought, while ammonia decreased the sensitivity to drought for all three species. The effects of additional nitrogen in relation to N/P ratios are discussed with respect to the ecological consequences for these heathland species.
三种石南荒原植物，即山金车（Arnica montana L.）、犬堇菜（Viola canina L.）和硬羊茅（Nardus stricta L.），被暴露于气态氨和含有硫酸铵的人工降雨中长达11周。感染了聚丛球囊霉（Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter Sensu Gerdemann) Gerd & Trappe）的植物比未形成菌根的植物生长得更快。氨增加了菌根和非菌根的犬堇菜以及菌根硬羊茅的地上部干重。只有菌根的犬堇菜和非菌根的硬羊茅在供应浓度增加的硫酸铵时生长得更快。在所有这三个物种中，氮组织浓度不受泡囊 - 丛枝菌根（VAM）的影响，但在植物用氨处理时会增加。当供应硫酸铵时，菌根和非菌根的硬羊茅以及菌根的犬堇菜具有更高的氮组织浓度。当植物感染VAM时，磷组织浓度更高，但在有氨或硫酸铵存在时往往较低。菌根植物比非菌根植物具有更高的氮和磷总量，并且用氨处理的植物比未处理的植物具有更高的氮总量。当用氨处理时，所有这三个物种的VAM定殖增加，但不受暴露于硫酸铵的影响。菌根降低了硬羊茅对干旱的敏感性，而氨降低了所有这三个物种对干旱的敏感性。针对这些石南荒原物种的生态后果，讨论了额外氮与氮/磷比率相关的影响。
