Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
1466Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Aging Health. 2021 Oct;33(9):721-731. doi: 10.1177/08982643211009436. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
To examine social and physical environmental fall-risk factors in a nationally representative sample of community-living older adults overall and by racial group. We used data from the 2015 and 2016 rounds of the National Health and Aging Trends Study ( = 5581) linked to census tract measures from the American Community Survey. Recurrent falls are defined as 2+ self-reported falls over 12 months. Older adults with recurrent falls were more likely to have lower education, lower income, financial hardship, live in homes with disorder and disrepair and in neighborhoods without sidewalks, with high social deprivation, and in nonmetropolitan counties. Home disrepair, lack of sidewalks, and residence in a nonmetropolitan county were important fall-risk factors among White older adults only. Financial hardship was an important risk factor among Black older adults. Environmental factors are associated with recurrent falls among older Americans and should be incorporated into fall-risk profiles and prevention efforts.
为了研究居住在社区中的老年人群体中以及不同种族群体中社会和物理环境跌倒风险因素。我们使用了来自国家健康老龄化趋势研究（National Health and Aging Trends Study）2015 年和 2016 年两轮的数据，这些数据与美国社区调查（American Community Survey）的普查区数据相链接。复发性跌倒的定义为在 12 个月内报告有 2 次或以上的自行跌倒。有复发性跌倒的老年人更可能教育程度较低、收入较低、经济困难、居住在房屋杂乱失修的家庭中、居住在没有人行道的社区、社会剥夺程度较高，以及居住在非都市区县。房屋失修、缺乏人行道以及居住在非都市区县是白人老年人中重要的跌倒风险因素。经济困难是黑人老年人中的一个重要风险因素。环境因素与美国老年人的复发性跌倒有关，应将其纳入跌倒风险评估和预防措施中。
