Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
School of Māori Studies and School of Pacific Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Child Abuse Negl. 2021 Jul;117:105067. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105067. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are widespread and are associated with adverse outcomes in later life, yet few studies have explored their prevalence and consequences in New Zealand.
To provide prevalence estimates of ACEs in New Zealand using a large sample of adults, and to explore the associations between ACEs and experience of violence by intimate partners and non-partners in adulthood.
2,887 participants (1464 female, 1423 male) from the 2019 New Zealand Family Violence Survey, a population based study conducted in New Zealand between March 2017-March 2019.
Descriptive statistics for prevalence of each of the eight ACE types, and cumulative ACE scores were estimated across sociodemographic groups. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to assess association between ACEs and five IPV and two non-partner violence variables.
ACEs were prevalent and co-occurring, with 55 % (95 % CI 53.2 %-56.8 %) of respondents reporting having experienced at least one ACE and 11.6 % (95 % CI 10.4 %-12.8 %) reporting at least four ACEs before the age of 18. Those who were younger, had lower socioeconomic status, and who identified as Māori reported higher prevalence of ACEs. Exposure to any ACE was significantly associated with later exposure to IPV and non-partner violence.
The findings provide the first comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of ACEs in the New Zealand population. They suggest that prevention of childhood trauma, maltreatment, and family dysfunction remain important and interconnected public health goals that need to be addressed to support the wellbeing of children and adults.
不良童年经历（ACEs）普遍存在，并与晚年的不良后果相关，但很少有研究探索其在新西兰的流行程度和后果。
使用大量成年人样本提供新西兰 ACEs 的流行率估计，并探讨 ACEs 与成年期亲密伴侣和非伴侣暴力经历之间的关联。
2019 年新西兰家庭暴力调查的 2887 名参与者（1464 名女性，1423 名男性），这是一项基于人群的研究，于 2017 年 3 月至 2019 年 3 月在新西兰进行。
对每种八种 ACE 类型的流行率和累积 ACE 评分进行描述性统计，并按社会人口统计学群体进行估计。开发多变量逻辑回归模型来评估 ACEs 与五种 IPV 和两种非伴侣暴力变量之间的关联。
ACEs 普遍存在且相互关联，55%（95%CI 53.2%-56.8%）的受访者报告至少经历过一次 ACE，11.6%（95%CI 10.4%-12.8%）报告在 18 岁之前至少经历过四种 ACE。年龄较小、社会经济地位较低以及自认为是毛利人的人报告 ACEs 的流行率较高。暴露于任何 ACE 与后来暴露于 IPV 和非伴侣暴力显著相关。
这些发现提供了对新西兰人群中 ACEs 流行程度的首次全面评估。它们表明，预防儿童创伤、虐待和家庭功能障碍仍然是重要的、相互关联的公共卫生目标，需要加以解决，以支持儿童和成人的健康。
