Blackthorn Science, Älvsjö, Slånbärstigen 36 12556, Sweden.
EnviroCase Ltd, Hallituskatu 1 D 4, 28100 Pori, Finland.
J Radiol Prot. 2021 Jun 1;41(2). doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/abf9e1.
Ongoing national programmes and International forums have in recent decades developed and enhanced methods and strategies in how to address the characterisation of potentially suitable sites for radioactive waste repositories. Siting processes, site selection and site investigation programmes have been conducted for near surface and geological repositories and plans for construction are in progress or have already been implemented. Lessons learned from these national and international programmes are available and results are published. In this paper we synthesise the methods and our lessons learned in how to plan, conduct, and achieve site understanding. Effective site understanding should incorporate a multi-disciplinary and integrated view of geosphere and biosphere information for a site, together with the designed parts of a repository or installation that constitute the total system. We argue that this integrated approach, following a staged program of repository development and adopting a graded approach to assessment at each stage, is to be recommended. The recommendation is supported by the results of international cooperation and progress with national programmes (e.g. the Swedish SKB). Further, we argue that this strategy is valid as a foundation for planning and execution of other types of radioactive waste management programmes such as decommissioning, legacy site management and remediation projects.
几十年来，持续的国家计划和国际论坛已经开发和增强了如何描述放射性废物处置库潜在适宜场址特征的方法和策略。已经针对近地表和地质处置库进行了选址过程、选址选择和场址调查计划，并且正在进行或已经实施了建设计划。从这些国家和国际计划中吸取的经验教训是可用的，并且已经发布了结果。在本文中，我们综合了规划、进行和实现场址理解的方法和经验教训。有效的场址理解应包括对场址的地质圈和生物圈信息的多学科和综合观点，以及构成整个系统的处置库或设施的设计部分。我们认为，这种综合方法遵循储存库开发的分阶段计划，并在每个阶段采用分级评估方法，是值得推荐的。这一建议得到了国际合作和国家计划（例如瑞典 SKB）的进展的支持。此外，我们认为，这种策略是有效的，是规划和执行其他类型的放射性废物管理计划（如退役、遗留场址管理和补救项目）的基础。
