Yang Y H, Huang Y P, Li W R
Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2021 Feb 22;53(2):434-436. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.02.034.
In recent years, developing new methods to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) has attracted extensive attention in the field of orthodontic clinical and scientific research. It reduces orthodontic treatment time and risks. Over the past, various approaches have been done to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Several forms of corticotomy techniques have been effective in inducing rapid tooth movement. These techniques activate regional acceleratory phenomenon and create a favorable microenvironment for accelerating tooth movement. Root resorption is one of most common side effects of orthodontic treatment. It affects the long-term viability and health of teeth. However, the effect of corticotomy techniques accelerating orthodontic tooth movement on root resorption still remains unclear. Accelerating tooth movement may have two-side effects on root resorption. Through shortening the treatment period and removing the hyalinized tissues, the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement could reduce root resorption. The increase of root resorption might be due to the local inflammation and function of cementoclasts/odontoclasts. In this paper, we reviewed the effects of different corticotomy techniques accelerating orthodontic tooth movement on root resorption. Corticotomy techniques deal with mucoperio-steal flaps and bone tissues differently and develop towards minimally invasive. Previous studies on root resorption use two-dimensional images, including apical films and panoramic tomography, to evaluate the degree of root resorption. In recent years, researches measure the volume of root resorption accurately using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-CT. Most studies suggest that the root resorption during acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement through corticotomy techniques is not statistically different from that of traditional orthodontic treatment. Some studies using micro-CT have shown that the root resorption in the groups of corticotomy techniques increases compared with the control group without surgery. Because of the short duration of these studies, the clinical significance is controversial on the overall impact of corticotomy techniques on orthodontic treatment. Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement is still at its emerging phase and need further research in the form of clinical trials to illustrate the effect of corticotomy techniques accelerating orthodontic tooth movement on root resorption.
近年来，开发加速正畸牙齿移动（OTM）的新方法在正畸临床和科研领域引起了广泛关注。它减少了正畸治疗时间和风险。过去，人们已经采取了各种方法来加速正畸牙齿移动。几种形式的皮质切开术技术在诱导快速牙齿移动方面是有效的。这些技术激活区域加速现象，并为加速牙齿移动创造有利的微环境。牙根吸收是正畸治疗最常见的副作用之一。它影响牙齿的长期生存能力和健康。然而，皮质切开术技术加速正畸牙齿移动对牙根吸收的影响仍不清楚。加速牙齿移动可能对牙根吸收有两面性。通过缩短治疗周期和去除透明化组织，正畸牙齿移动的加速可能会减少牙根吸收。牙根吸收的增加可能是由于局部炎症和破牙骨质细胞/破骨细胞的作用。在本文中，我们综述了不同皮质切开术技术加速正畸牙齿移动对牙根吸收的影响。皮质切开术技术对黏骨膜瓣和骨组织的处理方式不同，并朝着微创方向发展。以往关于牙根吸收的研究使用二维图像，包括根尖片和全景断层扫描，来评估牙根吸收的程度。近年来，研究使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）和微型CT精确测量牙根吸收的体积。大多数研究表明，通过皮质切开术技术加速正畸牙齿移动期间的牙根吸收与传统正畸治疗相比在统计学上没有差异。一些使用微型CT的研究表明，与未手术的对照组相比，皮质切开术技术组的牙根吸收增加。由于这些研究的持续时间较短，皮质切开术技术对正畸治疗的总体影响在临床意义上存在争议。加速正畸牙齿移动仍处于起步阶段，需要以临床试验的形式进行进一步研究，以阐明皮质切开术技术加速正畸牙齿移动对牙根吸收的影响。
