秘鲁利马两个低收入社区的宫颈癌预防和巴氏涂片检查的知识、态度和实践。

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cervical cancer prevention and pap smears in two low-income communities in Lima, Peru.

机构信息

Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences Department, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal St., Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.

出版信息

BMC Womens Health. 2021 Apr 21;21(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01291-8.

DOI:10.1186/s12905-021-01291-8

PMID:33882904

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8059236/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Peruvian women. Barriers at multiple levels impact effective screening and treatment, including a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and how regular screening can reduce morbidity and mortality through earlier detection. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and its prevention in the peri-urban communities of Oasis and Pampas in southern Lima, Peru that can be used to inform future campaigns about cervical cancer prevention.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey that included several open-ended questions was administered to women in Pampas and Oasis between 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and Pap smears.

RESULTS

In total, 224 women were interviewed. Knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smears was high, and attitudes were predominantly positive among most participants. Most participants knew how often they should get Pap smears (89.7%), when to begin seeking screening (74.6%), knew the price of a Pap smear (61.9%), and felt Pap smears were important for their health (70.1%). About one third (29.5%) of premenopausal women reported receiving a Pap smear in the last year. However, open ended questions revealed some knowledge gaps around Pap smears, as well as some stigma associated to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection.

CONCLUSION

Although knowledge of cervical cancer prevention was generally high and perceptions were positive among women in peri-urban Peruvian communities, our findings revealed there is a need for education on HPV infection prevalence among sexually active individuals to reduce stigma. Future research should focus on exploring experiences with follow-up and treatment associated with abnormal Pap smears, as well as perspectives from health authorities and professionals about barriers in the early detection and treatment process for cervical cancer.

摘要

背景

宫颈癌是秘鲁女性死亡的主要原因之一。多个层面的障碍影响了有效的筛查和治疗，包括对宫颈癌的认识不足，以及对通过早期发现定期筛查可降低发病率和死亡率的认识不足。本研究旨在评估秘鲁利马南部绿洲和潘帕斯地区城市周边社区的宫颈癌及其预防方面的知识、态度和实践，以便为未来的宫颈癌预防运动提供信息。

方法

2015 年至 2016 年期间，在潘帕斯和绿洲地区对妇女进行了一项横断面调查，其中包括一些开放式问题，以评估她们对宫颈癌和巴氏涂片的知识、态度和做法。

结果

共访谈了 224 名妇女。大多数参与者对宫颈癌和巴氏涂片检查的知识水平较高，态度普遍较为积极。大多数参与者知道应该多久进行巴氏涂片检查（89.7%）、何时开始进行筛查（74.6%）、知道巴氏涂片检查的价格（61.9%），并认为巴氏涂片检查对她们的健康很重要（70.1%）。约三分之一（29.5%）的绝经前妇女报告在过去一年中接受过巴氏涂片检查。然而，开放式问题揭示了一些关于巴氏涂片检查的知识差距，以及与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染相关的一些污名。