头部计算机断层扫描检查期间乳房屏蔽的效果。
Efficacy of breast shielding during head computed tomography examination.
作者信息
Zalokar Nika, Mekis Nejc
机构信息
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Department, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
出版信息
Radiol Oncol. 2020 Aug 1;55(1):116-120. doi: 10.2478/raon-2020-0044.
BACKGROUND
Female breasts are exposed to scattered radiation regardless of not being included in the primary field during head CT. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of lead shielding is beneficial in dose reduction to the breasts during head CT.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study was performed in two different hospitals on two different CT units and included 120 patients. Half of the measurements (n = 60) was conducted without the use of lead shielding and the other half (n = 60) with the use of lead shielding of 0.5 mm equivalent thickness.
RESULTS
Significant skin dose reduction to the breasts during head CT in both hospitals with the use of lead shielding was discovered; 81% (338.2 ± 43.7 μGy to 64.3 ± 18.8 μGy) in Hospital A and 74% (from 253.1 ± 35.1 μGy to 65.3 ± 16.9 μGy) in Hospital B.
CONCLUSIONS
Considering the assumed carcinogenic effect of low doses of radiation, high frequency of the head CT scans and the significant reduction of radiation doses to the highly radiosensitive breasts, the use of lead shielding is highly recommendable.
背景
在头部CT检查期间，女性乳房无论是否处于主要扫描区域都会受到散在辐射。本研究旨在调查使用铅屏蔽对头部CT检查时乳房剂量降低是否有益。
患者与方法
本研究在两家不同医院的两台不同CT设备上进行，纳入120例患者。一半测量（n = 60）在不使用铅屏蔽的情况下进行，另一半（n = 60）在使用等效厚度为0.5 mm的铅屏蔽的情况下进行。
结果
发现在两家医院中，使用铅屏蔽进行头部CT检查时，乳房皮肤剂量均显著降低；在A医院降低了81%（从338.2±43.7 μGy降至64.3±18.8 μGy），在B医院降低了74%（从253.1±35.1 μGy降至65.3±16.9 μGy）。
结论
考虑到低剂量辐射假定的致癌作用、头部CT扫描的高频率以及对高辐射敏感性乳房辐射剂量的显著降低，强烈建议使用铅屏蔽。
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