Department of Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Department of Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Waste Manag. 2021 May 1;126:781-790. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Plastic packaging has been used increasingly worldwide in a broad range of application. Plastic packaging has a short lifetime, which generates a large amount of waste. However, robust information on plastic packaging waste flow is generally not available, especially for developing countries such as Brazil. We analyzed and quantified Brazilian post-consumer plastic packaging waste (PPW) flows using material flow analysis (MFA) for the year 2017. The system modeled covered from the manufacturing stage of plastic packaging up to its waste management stage. We used a range of data sources, whose quality we assessed using uncertainty characterization. The results showed that Brazil generated 12 Mt of PPW in 2017, and the management of 63% of that was not monitored. The majority of monitored PPW was disposed of into landfills, but 0.8 Mt of PPW was improperly disposed. Informal collection was 24% greater than formally managed selective collection. Only 4.5% of the PPW generated in Brazil was recycled. The results identified the major national challenges in relation to PPW management as being that information systems needed to be improved, informal waste collectors needed to be socially and productively included in the management systems, and recovery systems needed to be developed towards a circular economy.
塑料包装在全球范围内的广泛应用中使用越来越多。塑料包装的使用寿命短，会产生大量的废物。然而，一般来说，关于塑料包装废物流动的可靠信息并不多，特别是对于巴西等发展中国家。我们使用物质流分析（MFA）对 2017 年巴西消费后塑料包装废物（PPW）的流动进行了分析和量化。所建模的系统涵盖了从塑料包装的制造阶段到其废物管理阶段。我们使用了一系列数据源，并使用不确定性特征描述对其质量进行了评估。结果表明，巴西在 2017 年产生了 1200 万吨 PPW，其中 63%的管理情况没有得到监测。大部分受到监测的 PPW被处置到垃圾填埋场，但有 0.8 万吨 PPW被不当处置。非正式收集比正式管理的选择性收集多 24%。巴西产生的 PPW中只有 4.5%被回收。研究结果确定了与 PPW 管理相关的主要国家挑战，即需要改进信息系统，需要将非正式废物收集者纳入管理系统的社会和生产中，并需要朝着循环经济发展回收系统。
