Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Acta Trop. 2021 Aug;220:105934. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105934. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Allergic bronchial asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory airways mediated by T-helper 2 (Th2), Th17 and their cytokines. Although most asthmatic patients suffer from allergic airway remodeling (AAR), aggressive anti-allergic treatment failed to reverse it. The hygiene hypothesis illuminated the counter relationship between allergy and helminthic infections. The immune system is modulated by Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) infection to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the impact of chronic T. spiralis infection on induced AAR in C57BL/6 mice sensitized by house dust mites (HDM) allergens. Forty mice were divided into 3 groups: I (10 healthy mice), IΙ (15 HDM sensitized mice), and ΙΙI (15 T. spiralis chronically infected mice and sensitized with HDM allergens). The assessment aimed to evaluate the effects of regulatory CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ cells (Tregs) and their cytokines comparative to hypersensitivity mediated cytokines. Chronic T. spiralis infection effectively prevented the host's AAR. This result was evidenced by upregulated Tregs in blood by flow cytometric analysis and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as well as improved lung histopathological changes. Also, serum HDM specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), BAL eosinophils, BAL IL-5 levels, and IL-17 gene expression in lung tissues were significantly reduced in T. spiralis chronically infected mice. In conclusion, the immune response in chronic T. spiralis infection could provide a promising mechanistic tool for protection against AAR, which paves the way for innovative preventive measures of other immunological disorders.
变应性支气管哮喘的特征是由 T 辅助细胞 2（Th2）、Th17 及其细胞因子介导的呼吸道慢性炎症。尽管大多数哮喘患者患有过敏性气道重塑（AAR），但积极的抗过敏治疗未能逆转它。卫生假说阐明了过敏和寄生虫感染之间的相反关系。免疫系统受到旋毛虫（T. spiralis）感染的调节以维持体内平衡。因此，这项工作旨在研究慢性 T. spiralis 感染对屋尘螨（HDM）过敏原致敏的 C57BL/6 小鼠诱导的 AAR 的影响。将 40 只小鼠分为 3 组：I（10 只健康小鼠）、II（15 只 HDM 致敏小鼠）和 III（15 只慢性 T. spiralis 感染并致敏 HDM 过敏原的小鼠）。评估旨在评估调节性 CD4+CD25+FOXP3+细胞（Tregs）及其细胞因子与过敏介导的细胞因子的比较效果。慢性 T. spiralis 感染可有效预防宿主的 AAR。这一结果通过流式细胞术分析显示血液中 Tregs 的上调以及酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）显示支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平的增加以及肺组织的组织病理学变化得到证实。此外，T. spiralis 慢性感染小鼠的血清 HDM 特异性免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）、BAL 嗜酸性粒细胞、BAL IL-5 水平和肺组织中 IL-17 基因表达均显著降低。总之，慢性 T. spiralis 感染中的免疫反应为预防 AAR 提供了有前途的机制工具，为其他免疫性疾病的创新性预防措施铺平了道路。
