Department of Dermatology and Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2021 Aug;20(8):883-888. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2021.1915279. Epub 2021 Apr 27.
Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma patients can cause immune-related adverse effects, such as vitiligo. In vitiligo, specific autoimmunity against melanocytes results in depigmentation of the skin. Melanoma-associated vitiligo occurring in melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors can be seen as a good prognostic sign as higher survival rates in melanoma-associated vitiligo cases have been reported. This review gives an insight into the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of melanoma-associated vitiligo caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Development of melanoma-associated vitiligo induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors could be a good clinical marker for response and overall survival. Induction of vitiligo in these patients could also potentially lead to better response and survival rates. Further research should focus on several aspects of melanoma-associated vitiligo, such as better screening and registration, more understanding of pathophysiology of the type of immune response and the predictive value of melanoma-associated in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的黑色素瘤患者可能会出现免疫相关不良反应，如白癜风。在白癜风中，针对黑色素细胞的特定自身免疫会导致皮肤脱色。在接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的黑色素瘤患者中出现的黑色素瘤相关白癜风可被视为预后良好的标志，因为据报道黑色素瘤相关白癜风病例的存活率更高。本文综述了免疫检查点抑制剂引起的黑色素瘤相关白癜风的发病机制、临床表现和治疗。免疫检查点抑制剂诱导的黑色素瘤相关白癜风的发生可能是反应和总生存的良好临床标志物。这些患者中白癜风的诱导也可能导致更好的反应和生存率。进一步的研究应集中在黑色素瘤相关白癜风的几个方面，如更好的筛查和登记、对免疫反应类型的病理生理学的更多了解以及黑色素瘤相关在接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的患者中的预测价值。
