Nebhan Caroline A, Johnson Douglas B
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, USA.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2020 Feb;20(2):137-145. doi: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1724539. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
: Advanced melanoma has recently been transformed by the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors. These agents have altered the prognosis of this disease from a median survival of <1 year to recent data showing a 5-year survival surpassing 50%. Combination regimens combining PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade are associated with superior response and progression-free survival at the cost of increased toxicities.: In this review, we discuss the clinical and investigational utility of predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in melanoma. Topics include tumor-intrinsic biomarkers, tumor microenvironment biomarkers, and host characteristic biomarkers. We also discuss biomarkers of immune-related adverse events and how biomarkers may be used to personalize the selection of immune checkpoint inhibition in patients.: The decisions confronting oncologists when choosing treatment are increasing in complexity. Biomarkers may aid in these treatment decisions and are growing in importance.
晚期黑色素瘤最近因免疫检查点抑制剂的出现而发生了改变。这些药物已将这种疾病的预后从中位生存期小于1年转变为近期数据显示的5年生存率超过50%。联合使用PD-1和CTLA-4阻断的联合方案与更高的缓解率和无进展生存期相关，但代价是毒性增加。
在本综述中，我们讨论了黑色素瘤中免疫检查点抑制剂治疗预测生物标志物的临床和研究效用。主题包括肿瘤内在生物标志物、肿瘤微环境生物标志物和宿主特征生物标志物。我们还讨论了免疫相关不良事件的生物标志物，以及生物标志物如何用于个性化选择患者的免疫检查点抑制治疗。
肿瘤学家在选择治疗方案时面临的决策越来越复杂。生物标志物可能有助于这些治疗决策，并且其重要性日益增加。
