UCLan Research Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2021 Aug;80(3):283-289. doi: 10.1017/S0029665121000902. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
The aim of this review paper is to explore the strategies employed to tackle micronutrient deficiencies with illustrations from field-based experience. Hidden hunger is the presence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies (particularly iron, zinc, iodine and vitamin A), which can occur without a deficit in energy intake as a result of consuming an energy-dense, but nutrient-poor diet. It is estimated that it affects more than two billion people worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where there is a reliance on low-cost food staples and where the diversity of the diet is limited. Finding a way to improve the nutritional quality of diets for the poorest people is central to meeting the UN sustainable development goals particularly sustainable development goal 2: end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. As we pass the midpoint of the UN's Decade for Action on Nutrition, it is timely to reflect on progress towards achieving sustainable development goal 2 and the strategies to reduce hidden hunger. Many low- and middle-income countries are falling behind national nutrition targets, and this has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other recent shocks to the global food system which have disproportionately impacted the world's most vulnerable communities. Addressing inequalities within the food system must be central to developing a sustainable, cost-effective strategy for improving food quality that delivers benefit to the seldom heard and marginalised communities.
本文旨在探讨解决微量营养素缺乏问题的策略，并通过实地经验加以说明。隐性饥饿是指多种微量营养素（特别是铁、锌、碘和维生素 A）缺乏，其发生的原因不是能量摄入不足，而是由于摄入了高能量但营养贫乏的饮食。据估计，全世界有超过 20 亿人受到影响，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家，这些国家依赖低成本的主食，饮食的多样性有限。找到一种方法来改善最贫困人口的饮食营养质量，是实现联合国可持续发展目标的核心，特别是可持续发展目标 2：消除饥饿，实现粮食安全和改善营养，促进可持续农业。随着联合国营养行动十年已过半，现在是时候反思实现可持续发展目标 2 的进展情况以及减少隐性饥饿的策略了。许多低收入和中等收入国家未能实现国家营养目标，而新冠疫情以及最近对全球粮食系统的其他冲击使情况更加恶化，这些冲击对世界上最脆弱的社区产生了不成比例的影响。解决粮食系统内部的不平等问题必须成为制定可持续、具有成本效益的改善粮食质量战略的核心，该战略将使那些很少被听到和边缘化的社区受益。
