Mirahmadi Hadi, Safari Tahere, Metanat Malihe, Tabatabaei Seyed Mehdi, Mehravaran Ahmad, Raeghi Saber
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020 Jul 1;30(4):513-520. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i4.6.
Apical Membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) is an important membrane protein that presents in all Plasmodium species and participates in critical phases in the attraction of cells. In human, it is one of the most immunodominant antigens with a protective immune response simulation role Apical Membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) is an important membrane protein which presents in all Plasmodium species and is located on the surface of merozoite and sporozoites that participates in critical phases in attraction of human red blood cells by merozoites and hepatocytes by sporozoites, so in human, it is one of the most immunodominant antigens with a protective immune response simulation role. Since extra information is necessary to lighten of AMA-1 scope, we equaled genetic variation in P.vivax AMA-1 from 40 Iranian isolates with those reported from the other malarious countries.
Blood samples were collected from 40 patients' positive of P.vivax, and genomic DNA was extracted from the blood. The nucleotide sequence for 446 amino acid (AA) residues (42-488 of PvAMA-1) of AMA-1 gene was amplified via PCR and then sequenced.
A total of 24 different haplotypes were recognized between samples. No new haplotype was determined in this research that was reported previously in other regions of Iran and the world. We detected 37-point mutations at the nucleotide level in their sequences and showed 43 amino acid variations, at 37 positions in which 6 sites demonstrate trimorphic polymorphism, and the others were dimorphic.
Sequence analysis of the major haplotype showed 95% similarity with P.vivax Sal-1 AMA-1 gene and high level of allelic diversity at the domain I of PvAMA-1 among isolates of Iran. Because PvAMA-1 is noticeable as vaccine candidate antigen, these documents provide valuable information for the development of malaria vaccine.
顶端膜抗原1（AMA-1）是一种重要的膜蛋白，存在于所有疟原虫物种中，并参与细胞吸引的关键阶段。在人类中，它是最具免疫显性的抗原之一，具有模拟保护性免疫反应的作用。顶端膜抗原1（AMA-1）是一种重要的膜蛋白，存在于所有疟原虫物种中，位于裂殖子和子孢子表面，参与裂殖子吸引人类红细胞以及子孢子吸引肝细胞的关键阶段，所以在人类中，它是最具免疫显性的抗原之一，具有模拟保护性免疫反应的作用。由于需要额外信息来阐明AMA-1的范围，我们将来自40株伊朗间日疟原虫分离株的AMA-1基因变异与其他疟疾流行国家报告的变异进行了比较。
从40例间日疟原虫阳性患者采集血样，从血液中提取基因组DNA。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增AMA-1基因446个氨基酸残基（PvAMA-1的42-488位）的核苷酸序列，然后进行测序。
样本之间共识别出24种不同的单倍型。本研究未确定在伊朗其他地区和世界其他地区先前报道过的新单倍型。我们在其序列中检测到37个核苷酸水平的点突变，显示出43个氨基酸变异，其中37个位置有6个位点表现为三态多态性，其他为双态。
主要单倍型的序列分析显示与间日疟原虫Sal-1 AMA-1基因有95%的相似性，并且在伊朗分离株中PvAMA-1的结构域I存在高水平的等位基因多样性。由于PvAMA-1作为候选疫苗抗原引人注目，这些资料为疟疾疫苗的开发提供了有价值的信息。
