Guenther Jana N
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Marseille, France.
Eur Phys J A Hadron Nucl. 2021;57(4):136. doi: 10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00354-6. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
In recent years there has been much progress on the investigation of the QCD phase diagram with lattice QCD simulations. In this review we focus on the developments in the last two years. Especially the addition of external influences or new parameter ranges yields an increasing number of interesting results. We discuss the progress for small, finite densities from both extrapolation-based methods (Taylor expansion and analytic continuation for imaginary chemical potential) and complex Langevin simulations, for heavy quark bound states (quarkonium), the dependence on the quark masses (Columbia plot) and the influence of a magnetic field. Many of these conditions are relevant for the understanding of both the QCD transition in the early universe and heavy ion collision experiments, which are conducted for example at the LHC and RHIC.
近年来，利用格点量子色动力学（QCD）模拟对QCD相图的研究取得了很大进展。在本综述中，我们关注过去两年的发展情况。特别是外部影响或新参数范围的加入产生了越来越多有趣的结果。我们讨论了基于外推法（泰勒展开和虚化学势的解析延拓）和复朗之万模拟在小有限密度下的进展、重夸克束缚态（夸克偶素）、对夸克质量的依赖性（哥伦比亚图）以及磁场的影响。其中许多情况对于理解早期宇宙中的QCD相变和重离子碰撞实验都很重要，例如在大型强子对撞机（LHC）和相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）上进行的实验。
