Alsunni Ahmed A, Latif Rabia
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam, Dammam, KSA.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2020 Dec 19;16(2):247-252. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.11.004. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Most studies that have reported the adverse effects of social media (SM) usage on mental health have been conducted on adolescents. Additionally, such studies have used frequency or duration as the only indicator of SM usage. The present study aims to relate SM usage (frequency, duration, and emotional investment) with anxiety, depression, and self-esteem in university students.
In this cross-sectional study, we adapted a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The data from 893 university students was collected through questionnaires, which were developed in Google forms and their links were shared in social media groups. The study tools used were Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, Social Integration and Emotional Connection subscale of the Social Media Use Integration Scale. We recorded variables for overall SM use (volume and frequency), night-time specific SM usage, emotional investment in SM, anxiety, depression, and self-esteem levels. Based on the scores achieved in SM variables, participants' data were classified into different quartiles.
We found a significant positive correlation of emotional investment in SM with anxiety (r = 0.71; -value < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.72; -value 0.003). The results of the one-way ANOVA revealed significantly increased anxiety and depression scores (-value 0.03 and 0.02, respectively) in quartile four versus quartile one. The probability or likelihood of being anxious and depressed significantly increased by factors of 1.76 and 1.48, respectively with per unit increase in emotional investment in SM.
Higher Emotional Investment in Social Media is related to Anxiety and Depression in University Students. The probability of being anxious and depressed significantly increases with per unit increase in emotional investment in SM.
大多数报告社交媒体使用对心理健康有不良影响的研究都是针对青少年进行的。此外，此类研究仅将使用频率或时长作为社交媒体使用的唯一指标。本研究旨在探讨社交媒体使用（频率、时长和情感投入）与大学生焦虑、抑郁和自尊之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，我们采用了非概率便利抽样技术。通过问卷收集了893名大学生的数据，问卷在谷歌表单中编制，其链接在社交媒体群组中分享。使用的研究工具包括医院焦虑抑郁量表、罗森伯格自尊量表、社交媒体使用整合量表的社会整合与情感连接子量表。我们记录了社交媒体总体使用（数量和频率）、夜间特定社交媒体使用、对社交媒体的情感投入、焦虑、抑郁和自尊水平的变量。根据在社交媒体变量中获得的分数，将参与者的数据分为不同的四分位数。
我们发现对社交媒体的情感投入与焦虑（r = 0.71；p值<0.001）和抑郁（r = 0.72；p值0.003）之间存在显著正相关。单因素方差分析结果显示，与第一四分位数相比，第四四分位数的焦虑和抑郁得分显著增加（p值分别为0.03和0.02）。随着对社交媒体情感投入每增加一个单位，焦虑和抑郁的概率或可能性分别显著增加1.76倍和1.48倍。
大学生在社交媒体上的高情感投入与焦虑和抑郁有关。随着对社交媒体情感投入每增加一个单位，焦虑和抑郁的概率显著增加。
