Gahl Megan K, Gale Allison, Kaestner Antonia, Yoshina Anda, Paglione Erin, Bergman Gal
College of Natural Sciences Minerva Schools at KGI San Francisco CA USA.
Minerva Project San Francisco CA USA.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Nov 19;11(8):3473-3480. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6953. eCollection 2021 Apr.
As education methodology has grown to incorporate online learning, disciplines with a field component, like ecology, may find themselves sidelined in this transition. In response to challenges posed by moving classes online, previous studies have assessed whether an online environment can be effective for student learning. This work has found that active learning structures, which maximize information processing and require critical thinking, best support student learning. All too commonly, online and active learning are perceived as mutually exclusive. We argue the success of online learning requires facilitating active learning in online spaces. To highlight this intersection in practice, we use a case study of an online, active, and synchronous ecology and conservation biology course from the College of Natural Sciences at Minerva Schools at KGI. We use our perspectives as curriculum designers, instructors, and students of this course to offer recommendations for creating active online ecology courses. Key components to effective course design and implementation are as follows: facilitating critical "thinking like a scientist", integrating open-ended assignments into class discussion, and creating active in-class dialogues by minimizing lecturing. Based on our experience, we suggest that by employing active learning strategies, the future of ecology in higher education is not inhibited, but in fact supported, by opportunities for learning online.
随着教育方法逐渐纳入在线学习,像生态学这类有实地考察部分的学科,可能会在这一转变中被边缘化。针对将课程转移到线上所带来的挑战,以往的研究评估了在线环境对学生学习是否有效。这项工作发现,能最大化信息处理并需要批判性思维的主动学习结构,最有利于学生学习。人们常常认为在线学习和主动学习是相互排斥的。我们认为,在线学习的成功需要在网络空间中促进主动学习。为了在实践中突出这种交叉融合,我们以凯克研究生院米涅瓦学院自然科学学院的一门在线、主动且同步的生态学与保护生物学课程为例进行研究。我们以课程设计者、教师和学生的视角,为创建主动式在线生态学课程提供建议。有效课程设计与实施的关键要素如下:促进批判性的“像科学家一样思考”,将开放式作业融入课堂讨论,并通过尽量减少讲授来营造活跃的课堂对话。基于我们的经验,我们认为通过采用主动学习策略,高等教育中生态学的未来不会因在线学习机会而受到抑制,反而会得到支持。