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[从变态反应学以及耳鼻喉科角度看咳嗽]

[Cough from an allergological as well as from the ENT aspect].

作者信息

Jörg Lukas, Gschwend Anna, Poletti Sophia C, Caversaccio Marco D, Helbling Arthur

机构信息

Poliklinik für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinik für Pneumologie, Inselspital Bern.

Universitätsklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Inselspital Bern.

出版信息

Ther Umsch. 2021;78(4):165-170. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a001255.

Abstract

Cough from an allergological as well as from the ENT aspect Cough is a common problem in the allergological, but less so in the rhinological consultation. The differential diagnostic spectrum for cough is extensive and may range from rhinitis and asthma to eosinophilic esophagitis and rarer diseases. In the case of chronic cough (> 2 months), the four most frequent causes must be sought, or be excluded (upper airway cough syndrome, asthma [cough-variant-asthma], non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease). Aeroallergens such as pollen, house-dust mites or occupational substances play a major role in allergies. Nevertheless, it is not uncommon for cough to be a main symptom of an antibody deficiency or a Sicca symptom complex. The more chronic the cough, the more thoroughly an investigation is indicated - often interdisciplinary. Therapy depends on the cause of the cough. In allergic respiratory diseases, allergy-specific immunotherapy may be indicated.

摘要

从变态反应学及耳鼻喉科角度看咳嗽 咳嗽在变态反应学领域是一个常见问题,但在鼻科会诊中相对少见。咳嗽的鉴别诊断范围很广,可能涵盖从鼻炎、哮喘到嗜酸性食管炎及罕见疾病等。对于慢性咳嗽(>2个月),必须查找或排除四个最常见病因(上气道咳嗽综合征、哮喘[咳嗽变异性哮喘]、非哮喘性嗜酸性支气管炎、胃食管反流病)。花粉、屋尘螨或职业性物质等空气过敏原在过敏反应中起主要作用。然而,咳嗽作为抗体缺乏或干燥综合征的主要症状也并不罕见。咳嗽越慢性,就越需要进行全面检查——通常需要多学科协作。治疗取决于咳嗽的病因。在过敏性呼吸道疾病中,可能需要进行特异性免疫治疗。

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