Steyn M, van der Merwe A E, Meyer A
Human Variation and Identification Research Unit, School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.
Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Paleopathol. 2021 Jun;33:128-136. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.03.004. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Real industrialization was late to arrive in South Africa and was associated with the development of mining in its northern regions. This paper explores the development and spread of infectious diseases (particularly tuberculosis), against the backdrop of metabolic disease.
Published data regarding skeletons from various mining sites and historical information are collated, including information from the early accessions into the Raymond A. Dart Collection.
While findings from several sites (e.g., Gladstone at Kimberley, Koffiefontein, Witwatersrand Deep Mine and Lancaster Mine) have been described individually, they have not been assessed collectively. This paper provides a broad overview by collating information from these sites, in comparison with a rural, pre-industrialized population.
Malnutrition, including scurvy, was common in most mining groups. Tuberculosis was rare in earlier mining groups, and the first possible skeletal cases only occurred after the establishment of closed housing compounds. From there it spread rapidly across the subcontinent.
Nutritional insufficiencies / metabolic disease and high death rates, due to trauma and infectious diseases, were common. Tuberculosis in South Africa is closely associated with development of the mining industry.
This research highlights the development of tuberculosis in South Africa and its association with the mining industry. The role of migrant labor and the associated housing practices is elucidated.
Sample sizes are limited, but the findings of this study are supported by documentary evidence.
Sample sizes should be increased, and the association between closed compound living and the development of disease further explored.
南非的真正工业化姗姗来迟，且与该国北部地区采矿业的发展相关。本文在代谢性疾病的背景下，探讨传染病（尤其是结核病）的发展与传播情况。
整理了来自各个采矿地点骨骼的已发表数据以及历史信息，包括雷蒙德·A·达特藏品早期入藏的信息。
虽然已分别描述了几个地点（如金伯利的格拉德斯通、科菲方丹、威特沃特斯兰德深矿和兰开斯特矿）的研究结果，但尚未进行综合评估。本文通过整理这些地点的信息，并与农村的前工业化人口进行比较，提供了一个全面的概述。
营养不良，包括坏血病，在大多数采矿群体中很常见。结核病在早期采矿群体中很少见，最早可能的骨骼病例直到封闭式住房小区建立后才出现。此后，它迅速在整个次大陆传播。
由于创伤和传染病导致的营养不足/代谢性疾病以及高死亡率很常见。南非的结核病与采矿业的发展密切相关。
本研究突出了南非结核病的发展及其与采矿业的关联。阐明了流动劳动力的作用以及相关的住房情况。
样本量有限，但本研究结果得到了文献证据的支持。
应增加样本量，并进一步探讨封闭式小区居住与疾病发展之间的关联。
