青少年的日常体力活动、心肺适能、营养状况、内皮功能和自主神经调节：主成分分析。
Daily physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, nutritional status, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation in school-age adolescents: A principal component analysis.
机构信息
Clinical and Experimental Research Laboratory on Vascular Biology, Biomedical Center, University of Rio de Janeiro State, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
出版信息
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2021 May-Jun;15(3):205-211. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2021.04.004. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
PURPOSE
This study evaluated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness, abdominal obesity, blood pressure, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation in school-age adolescents exhibiting different levels of habitual physical activity and nutritional status, through a multivariate statistical approach.
METHODS
101 adolescents aged 15-18 years (54 females) underwent assessments of daily physical activity, body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, reactive hyperemia, and heart rate variability. Based on BMI adjusted for age and sex (z-BMI), 21 adolescents were classified as 'overweight' (9 girls), and 9 as 'obese' (4 girls). The common variation between those variables was assessed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
RESULTS
Main axis of common variation of outcomes analyzed defined four principal components (PCs) accounting for 69.7% of overall variance, related to 'abdominal obesity and blood pressure' (PC1; eigenvalue=2.76), 'cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function, and autonomic modulation' (PC2, eigenvalue=1.98), 'cardiorespiratory fitness' (PC3, eigenvalue=1.21), and 'sedentary behavior' (PC4, eigenvalue=1.02). Girls reported longer screen time and sedentary behavior than boys. Notwithstanding, in both sexes poorer cardiorespiratory fitness corresponded to lower reactive hyperemia and vagal modulation, irrespective of the nutritional status. Overall, adolescents classified as 'obese' and 'sedentary' exhibited poorer CRF concomitantly to autonomic and endothelial dysfunctions.
CONCLUSION
In school-age adolescents, endothelial and autonomic dysfunctions related to poor cardiorespiratory fitness, irrespective of the nutritional status and physical activity level. However, endothelial and autonomic dysfunctions were more prevalent among adolescents combining poor cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced levels of daily physical activity, and overweight/obesity.
目的
本研究通过多变量统计方法评估了在表现出不同习惯性体力活动和营养状况水平的学龄期青少年中，心肺功能适应性、腹部肥胖、血压、内皮功能和自主神经调节之间的关联。
方法
101 名 15-18 岁的青少年（54 名女性）接受了日常体力活动、体重指数、心肺功能适应性、反应性充血和心率变异性的评估。根据年龄和性别调整的 BMI（z-BMI），21 名青少年被归类为“超重”（9 名女孩），9 名被归类为“肥胖”（4 名女孩）。通过主成分分析（PCA）评估这些变量之间的共同变化。
结果
分析结果的共同变化主轴定义了四个主要成分（PC），占总方差的 69.7%，与“腹部肥胖和血压”（PC1；特征值=2.76）、“心肺功能适应性、内皮功能和自主神经调节”（PC2，特征值=1.98）、“心肺功能适应性”（PC3，特征值=1.21）和“久坐行为”（PC4，特征值=1.02）有关。女孩报告的屏幕时间和久坐行为比男孩长。尽管如此，在两性中，较差的心肺功能适应性与较低的反应性充血和迷走神经调节相对应，而与营养状况无关。总的来说，被归类为“肥胖”和“久坐”的青少年表现出较差的 CRF，同时伴有自主和内皮功能障碍。
结论
在学龄期青少年中，内皮和自主功能障碍与较差的心肺功能适应性有关，而与营养状况和体力活动水平无关。然而，内皮和自主功能障碍在那些同时表现出心肺功能适应性差、日常体力活动水平降低以及超重/肥胖的青少年中更为普遍。
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