Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research (CVVR), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research (CVVR), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Transl Res. 2021 Nov;237:98-123. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.04.008. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
Oncolytic virotherapy is a therapeutic approach that uses replication-competent viruses to kill cancers. The ability of oncolytic viruses to selectively replicate in cancer cells leads to direct cell lysis and induction of anticancer immune response. Like other anticancer therapies, oncolytic virotherapy has several limitations such as viral delivery to the target, penetration into the tumor mass, and antiviral immune responses. This review provides an insight into the different characteristics of oncolytic viruses (natural and genetically modified) that contribute to effective applications of oncolytic virotherapy in preclinical and clinical trials, and strategies to overcome the limitations. The potential of oncolytic virotherapy combining with other conventional treatments or cancer immunotherapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T therapy could form part of future multimodality treatment strategies.
溶瘤病毒治疗是一种利用复制型病毒杀死癌症的治疗方法。溶瘤病毒能够选择性地在癌细胞中复制，导致直接细胞裂解和诱导抗癌免疫反应。与其他抗癌疗法一样，溶瘤病毒治疗也有一些局限性，例如病毒向靶标输送、穿透肿瘤块和抗病毒免疫反应。本文综述了溶瘤病毒（天然和基因修饰）的不同特性，这些特性有助于溶瘤病毒治疗在临床前和临床试验中的有效应用，以及克服这些局限性的策略。溶瘤病毒治疗与其他常规治疗或癌症免疫疗法（包括免疫检查点抑制剂和 CAR-T 疗法）相结合的潜力可能成为未来多模态治疗策略的一部分。
