Fisch College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA.
J Perioper Pract. 2021 Jun;31(6):223-229. doi: 10.1177/1750458920971108. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Though arguably past the initial phase of the opioid epidemic, opioid-sparing or opioid-eliminating pain management regimens remain beneficial for patients and practitioners alike. Providing adequate analgaesia without relying on opioids is especially advantageous in the operative setting, as patients may be able to recover without deep levels of sedation or the need for a high amount of opioid medications. Despite being used primarily as a sedative over the past 20 years, dexmedetomidine, a centrally acting alpha-agonist, possesses analgaesic properties, though its use has been limited by its well-described cardiovascular suppressive effects. The objective of this review was to determine the efficacy and safety of adjunctive dexmedetomidine for the purposes of analgaesia in the perioperative setting.
虽然阿片类药物泛滥可能已经过了初始阶段，但阿片类药物节约或消除的疼痛管理方案对患者和医生仍然是有益的。在手术环境中，提供充足的镇痛而不依赖阿片类药物尤其有利，因为患者可能能够在没有深度镇静或不需要大量阿片类药物的情况下恢复。尽管过去 20 年来主要被用作镇静剂，但一种中枢作用的α激动剂右美托咪定具有镇痛作用，但其使用受到其描述明确的心血管抑制作用的限制。本综述的目的是确定辅助使用右美托咪定在围手术期用于镇痛的疗效和安全性。
