Zaragoza-Ojeda Montserrat, Apatiga-Vega Elisa, Arenas-Huertero Francisco
Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, México.
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, México.
Oncol Lett. 2021 Jun;21(6):460. doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.12721. Epub 2021 Apr 11.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, whose canonical pathway mainly regulates the genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. However, it can also regulate several responses in a non-canonical manner, such as proliferation, differentiation, cell death and cell adhesion. AhR plays an important role in central nervous system tumors, as it can regulate several cellular responses via different pathways. The polymorphisms of the gene have been associated with the development of gliomas. In addition, the metabolism of tumor cells promotes tumor growth, particularly in tryptophan synthesis, where some metabolites, such as kynurenine, can activate the AhR pathway, triggering cell proliferation in astrocytomas, medulloblastomas and glioblastomas. Furthermore, as part of the changes in neuroblastomas, AHR is able to downregulate the expression of proto-oncogene c-Myc, induce differentiation in tumor cells, and cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, these data suggested that the modulation of the AhR pathway may downregulate tumor growth, providing a novel strategy for applications for the treatment of certain tumors through the control of the AhR pathway.
芳烃受体（AHR）是一种配体激活的转录因子，其经典途径主要调节参与外源性物质代谢的基因。然而，它也可以通过非经典方式调节多种反应，如增殖、分化、细胞死亡和细胞黏附。AhR在中枢神经系统肿瘤中起重要作用，因为它可以通过不同途径调节多种细胞反应。该基因的多态性与胶质瘤的发生有关。此外，肿瘤细胞的代谢促进肿瘤生长，特别是在色氨酸合成中，一些代谢产物，如犬尿氨酸，可以激活AhR途径，触发星形细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤中的细胞增殖。此外，作为神经母细胞瘤变化的一部分，AHR能够下调原癌基因c-Myc的表达，诱导肿瘤细胞分化，并导致细胞周期停滞和凋亡。总的来说，这些数据表明，调节AhR途径可能会下调肿瘤生长，为通过控制AhR途径治疗某些肿瘤提供了一种新的应用策略。
