Cezar Natália Oiring de Castro, Ansai Juliana Hotta, de Oliveira Marcos Paulo Braz, da Silva Danielle Chagas Pereira, Vale Francisco Assis Carvalho, Takahashi Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros, de Andrade Larissa Pires
Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2021 Jan-Mar;15(1):60-68. doi: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-010006.
Changes in executive function and motor aspects can compromise the prognosis of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and favor the evolution to dementia.
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in executive function and gait and to determine the association between changes in these variables.
A 32-month longitudinal study was conducted with 40 volunteers: 19 with preserved cognition (PrC), 15 with MCI and 6 with Alzheimer disease (AD). Executive function and gait speed were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery, the Clock-Drawing test and the 10-meter walk test. For data analysis, the Pearson product-moment correlation, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, and chi-square were conducted.
After 32 months, an improvement in the executive function was found in all groups (p=0.003). At baseline, gait speed was slower in individuals with MCI and AD compared to those with PrC (p=0.044), that was maintained after the follow-up (p=0.001). There was significant increase in number of steps in all groups (p=0.001). No significant association was found between changes in gait speed and executive function.
It should be taken into account that gait deteriorates prior to executive function to plan interventions and health strategies for this population.
执行功能和运动方面的变化会损害轻度认知障碍（MCI）老年人的预后，并促使其向痴呆症发展。
本研究旨在调查执行功能和步态的变化，并确定这些变量变化之间的关联。
对40名志愿者进行了为期32个月的纵向研究：19名认知功能正常（PrC）者、15名MCI患者和6名阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者。使用额叶评估量表、画钟试验和10米步行试验评估执行功能和步态速度。数据分析采用Pearson积差相关、双向重复测量方差分析和卡方检验。
32个月后，所有组的执行功能均有改善（p=0.003）。基线时，MCI和AD患者的步态速度比PrC患者慢（p=0.044），随访后仍保持这一差异（p=0.001）。所有组的步数均显著增加（p=0.001）。未发现步态速度变化与执行功能之间存在显著关联。
在为该人群制定干预措施和健康策略时，应考虑到步态在执行功能恶化之前就已变差。
