Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Praça Universitária, s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605-220, Brazil.
Private Practice, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
Int J Implant Dent. 2021 Apr 28;7(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40729-021-00321-2.
This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the short-term postsurgical symptoms after insertion of one or two implants for retention of a mandibular overdenture. This study investigated whether the less invasive single-implant approach results in lower postoperative symptoms compared to the conventional two-implant overdenture.
Patients received new complete dentures and were randomly assigned to groups receiving one or two single-stage, early-loaded hydrophilic implants, inserted in the midline (n = 23), or the lateral incisor-canine area bilaterally (n = 24). Patient-reported postoperative symptoms were measured in a 0-100 visual analogue scale concerning pain in the surgical area, pain when chewing, bleeding, swelling, and unpleasantness. Data collection occurred 24 h and 7 and 21 days after surgery. Demographic and clinical features (smoking habit, classification of the residual ridges, and mucosal width and thickness at the implant sites), osteotomy for alveolar bone reduction, and surgery time were tested as predictors of symptom levels.
Overall reported symptoms were mild and self-limited, with high rates of complete remission after the early loading period of 3 weeks. Progressive improvement of symptoms occurred from the 24-h to the 7-day and 21-day follow-ups (p < 0.001), similarly in both groups. None of the clinical predictors was significantly associated with the changes in symptoms.
Findings suggest that the insertion of one or two implants may result in similar postoperative outcomes.
The severity of short-term postoperative symptoms may not be a critical factor for the decision between overdenture treatment with one or two implants.
本随机临床试验旨在比较单枚和双枚种植体用于下颌覆盖义齿固位时的短期术后症状。本研究旨在探讨单枚种植体微创入路是否比传统双枚种植体覆盖义齿术后症状更轻。
患者接受新的全口义齿，并随机分为两组，分别接受单枚一期、早期负载亲水种植体（中线植入，n = 23）或双侧侧切牙-尖牙区双枚种植体（n = 24）。采用 0-100 视觉模拟评分法评估术后 24 h 及术后 7 天和 21 天患者报告的术后症状，包括手术区疼痛、咀嚼时疼痛、出血、肿胀和不适感。收集患者的人口统计学和临床特征（吸烟习惯、剩余牙槽嵴分类、种植部位黏膜宽度和厚度）、牙槽骨减少的截骨术和手术时间等数据，并对这些数据进行测试，以预测症状水平。
总体报告的症状较轻且为自限性，经过 3 周的早期加载期后，完全缓解率较高。从术后 24 h 到术后 7 天和 21 天的随访，症状逐渐改善（p < 0.001），两组间相似。无任何临床预测因素与症状变化显著相关。
研究结果表明，植入单枚或双枚种植体可能产生相似的术后结果。
短期术后症状的严重程度可能不是决定采用单枚或双枚种植体进行覆盖义齿治疗的关键因素。
