Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Microsc Res Tech. 2021 Oct;84(10):2361-2371. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23791. Epub 2021 Apr 27.
The adrenal gland is a vital endocrine gland that secretes many important hormones in everyday bird life. The adrenal gland of the Japanese quail is grossly located ventromedially the corresponding kidney and has a creamy to yellow color. The quail gland is surrounded by a capsule and contains some ganglionic cells, and the capsule is characterized by the presence of chromaffin cells. The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The parenchyma consists of interrenal tissue, chromaffin islets, and blood sinusoids. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords, and rest on the basement membrane. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. In this study, the interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail as compared with other birds, which is attributed to the fact that the Japanese quail is a migratory bird. Therefore, the present investigation aims to provide a detailed study on the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail to help physiologists understand the gland's function and the pathologist to determine the implications for the differential diagnosis of adrenal gland tumors. HIGHLIGHTS: The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. The interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail because it is a migratory bird.
肾上腺是一种重要的内分泌腺，在鸟类的日常生活中分泌许多重要的激素。鹌鹑的肾上腺大致位于相应肾脏的腹内侧，呈奶油色至黄色。鹌鹑的腺体被包膜包围，含有一些神经节细胞，包膜的特征是存在嗜铬细胞。肾上腺分为三个同心区：被膜下区、周围区和中央区。实质由肾上腺组织、嗜铬细胞胰岛和血窦组成。肾上腺细胞含有脂滴，排列成索状，位于基底膜上。嗜铬细胞分为两类：肾上腺素（E）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）细胞。这些细胞含有颗粒，其特征是存在脂滴。在这项研究中，与其他鸟类相比，鹌鹑的肾上腺组织中嗜铬细胞的比例更高，这归因于鹌鹑是一种候鸟。因此，本研究旨在对鹌鹑的肾上腺进行详细研究，帮助生理学家了解该腺体的功能，病理学家确定对肾上腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断的影响。重点：肾上腺分为三个同心区：被膜下区、周围区和中央区。肾上腺细胞含有脂滴，排列成索状。嗜铬细胞分为两类：肾上腺素（E）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）细胞。这些细胞含有颗粒，其特征是存在脂滴。由于鹌鹑是候鸟，因此在鹌鹑中发现肾上腺组织中嗜铬细胞的比例更高。
