Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2021 Apr 26;30(1):e020320. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612021015. eCollection 2021.
In São Luís, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, the notification of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases intensified in 1982, showing endemic and epidemic patterns. In this city, the Center for Zoonoses Control (CZC) was an organization in charge of the control and prevention of the disease. However, technical and political reasons have led to a significant decline in the periodicity of its activities. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the epidemiological scenario of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and the prevalence of the disease in dogs after the cessation of the CZC activities, covering the period of 2007 to 2016. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was determined based on clinical and serological profiles. HVL cases were notified using data provided by the Municipal Health Department of São Luís. A seropositivity rate of 45.8% (p = 0.0001) was found among dogs, 54% (p = 0.374) of which were asymptomatic. As for human cases, there were 415 notifications, with an increase in the incidence of the zoonosis observed during the aforementioned period. Thus, it can be inferred that after the control and surveillance activities were curtailed, there was an increase in the number of seropositive animals in circulation, acting as reservoirs of infection for dogs and humans.
在巴西东北部的马拉尼昂州圣路易斯市，内脏利什曼病（VL）的病例通知在 1982 年加剧，呈现出地方性和流行性模式。在这个城市，动物传染病控制中心（CZC）是负责控制和预防这种疾病的组织。然而，技术和政治原因导致其活动的周期性显著下降。因此，在这项研究中，我们评估了人类内脏利什曼病（HVL）的流行病学情况以及 CZC 停止活动后犬只中该病的流行情况，涵盖了 2007 年至 2016 年的时间段。通过临床和血清学特征确定了犬利什曼病的血清阳性率。HVL 病例是根据圣路易斯市卫生部门提供的数据进行报告的。结果发现，犬只的血清阳性率为 45.8%（p = 0.0001），其中 54%（p = 0.374）为无症状。至于人类病例，共报告了 415 例，在此期间观察到该动物传染病的发病率有所增加。因此，可以推断出，在控制和监测活动停止后，循环中血清阳性动物的数量增加，成为犬只和人类感染的储主。
