Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche, e Neuroscienze, Modena, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Aug;127:404-423. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.024. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
While it is well documented that the motor system is more than a mere implementer of motor actions, the possible applications of its cognitive side are still under-exploited, often remaining as poorly organized evidence. Here, we will collect evidence showing the value of action observation treatment (AOT) in the recovery of impaired motor abilities for a vast number of clinical conditions, spanning from traumatological patients to brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Alongside, we will discuss the use of AOT in the maintenance of appropriate motor behavior in subjects at risk for events with dramatic physical consequences, like fall prevention in elderly people or injury prevention in sports. Finally, we will report that AOT can help to tune existing motor competencies in fields requiring precise motor control. We will connect all these diverse dots into the neurophysiological scenario offered by decades of research on the human mirror mechanism, discussing the potentialities for individualization. Empowered by modern technologies, AOT can impact individuals' safety and quality of life across the whole lifespan.
虽然运动系统不仅仅是运动动作的执行者这一点已经得到充分证明，但它认知方面的可能应用仍未得到充分开发，常常只是作为组织不完善的证据存在。在这里，我们将收集证据，展示运动观察治疗（AOT）在恢复大量临床情况下受损运动能力方面的价值，这些临床情况包括创伤患者、脑损伤和神经退行性疾病。同时，我们将讨论 AOT 在维持有发生严重身体后果风险的个体适当运动行为方面的使用，例如老年人预防跌倒或运动中预防受伤。最后，我们将报告 AOT 可以帮助调整在需要精确运动控制的领域中现有的运动能力。我们将把所有这些不同的点连接到人类镜像机制数十年研究提供的神经生理学情景中，并讨论个性化的可能性。借助现代技术，AOT 可以在整个生命周期中影响个人的安全和生活质量。
